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Discussion (258 Comments)Read Original on HackerNews

gmercabout 3 hours ago
Harder than it looks. Everything is dual use. Certainly didn't expect my game development telemetry[1] system used to improve artillery [2]...

[1] https://gdcvault.com/play/1012227/Development-Telemetry-in-V...

[2] https://www.army.mil/article/85934/solution_to_weapon_develo...

Zambyteabout 2 hours ago
You didn't expect the application you developed called "Skynet" that has an eye of sauron as it's logo to be used by the military? Sorry, I don't believe you.
genxyabout 2 hours ago
I only made a prototype of the torment nexus as illustrative satire, I didn't think someone would actually ship it to production! All satire is dual use.
rtkweabout 1 hour ago
Oh from the cautionary sci-fi classic "Do Not Create the Torment Nexus"? I always thought it'd be awesome to create after reading that!
haolezabout 1 hour ago
Yep. Early in my career I developed a simple driver for a CAN interface to be used in a medical device, which was my assigned project.

The same code was used in another project of this same company. The project was a missile. It felt weird.

asveikau14 minutes ago
I don't think the article is saying don't build a payload-agnostic telemetry engine. The specific examples cited are that it's probably legitimate to have a vehicle registration database (with the caveat that even that could be abused), but not a database of sexual orientations or religious affiliations.
jonplackettabout 2 hours ago
There should be a distinction between helping the military and helping a police state.

Eg. Flock cameras don’t help the military but do help the police state.

asveikau12 minutes ago
Part of the reason we're seeing objectionable government action now is because we militarized law enforcement tasks and equipment in the post-9/11 era.
BigTTYGothGFabout 2 hours ago
Military tech often flows to cops.
lukanabout 2 hours ago
In case of ground invasion (or just to detect enemy drones in the sky) having access tonlots of cameras is of military use.
rpdillonabout 2 hours ago
Not a likely scenario, FWIW: https://www.military.com/history/5-reasons-why-geography-ame...

I would expect any invading forces would need to be surveilled by planes or satellites, or perhaps drones, since they would immediately destroy something like flock cameras.

perfectbeeingabout 2 hours ago
In the case of Iran, having access to tonlots of cameras proved to be an incredible assets for a neighbor’s military.
ModernMechabout 2 hours ago
What’s more likely is that an aspiring dictator illegally uses the military for domestic police operations, then military and police use is the same thing.

https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/analysis-opinion/cour...

jonplackettabout 2 hours ago
I think you are just playing devil’s advocate.
vablingsabout 1 hour ago
The constitution is legislation protecting you
onion2kabout 2 hours ago
I don't think the author is suggesting we shouldn't build useful things. He's saying to the people who built the military system that they shouldn't be doing that.

It's the last step that's the problem, not the people who built all the things they stand on. Otherwise we'd be suggesting that no one build a database engine or a digital camera or a computer ever again in case they're used to build evil tech.

sssilverabout 2 hours ago
Not sure about digital cameras or database engines, but computers and the Internet were, in large part, created for military needs first and foremost.
asdfman123about 1 hour ago
They're not confessing, they're bragging
jvuygbbkuurxabout 1 hour ago
You didn't expect your telemetry system to be used as a telemetry system?
CamperBob2about 1 hour ago
So what's the answer here? Don't build telemetry systems?
wtallisabout 1 hour ago
Generally, yes. Most telemetry systems in software are not producing enough actionable insight to justify the privacy invasion. Spying on your customers on an opt-out basis just in case you one day come up with a use for that data is a widespread practice but clearly unethical, and leaves you (or whoever acquires your employer) in the position of being tempted to use the data for worse things than just deciding what bugs and features to prioritize.
Zambyte31 minutes ago
Yes. Telemetry is anti-social at best, authoritarian at worst. We have built industries on "the user won't tell us what they want so we have to spy on them so we can build what they want" and then instead of building what they want, building the thing that extracts the most money out of their users (probably not what the user wanted!)
nonameiguess18 minutes ago
Do you actually object to countries having standing armies with ranged area weaponry?

This isn't what the article is talking about at all. It never says don't build military technology. It says don't build things like a database of who in the country is and isn't gay and what religion everyone practices, for fear a future bigoted administration might use it to target those people. If your government is turning howitzers on you, that's less a police state and more a civil war.

I don't know what you do against that, but it's a different situation. There is precedent in the US with the Army being used to round up and forcibly displace native populations, but that really seems to be the kind of thing that requires a political solution, not prevention of any possibility. If we didn't have an Army at all, then secession would have succeeded, there would still be chattel slavery, and one of the hostile European colonial powers likely would have simply conquered the west itself and killed all the natives anyway.

CarVacabout 2 hours ago
I think there's a distinction between creating generic info-gathering technology that helps them gather their own data from their own users, and you gathering data that the government can then ask (force) you to hand over.
MomsAVoxellabout 2 hours ago
>Harder than it looks.

But maybe easier than it sounds.

All technology can be weaponized. It can also be de-weaponized.

One of my favorite late-night thought experiments, is "what would it take to turn an AK47 or an AR15 into a water pump?" .. the possibilities are endless. "How could a tank be turned into a bicycle factory?", another great one worth the effort to think about.

The only difference between peaceful technology and a weapon is the intention of the user. The very real spiritual intention.

De-weaponization starts with the human being. Those who think weapons are necessary must always take lesser priority than those who invent technology to make the lives of their fellow human beings better. There are so many examples of the tool-makers winning harder and at greater scale than the bomb-manufacturer. We wouldn't be here now if the balance was the other way - our world is however threatened by having this scale weighed heavily, by those who think murder is the solution to anything.

It's a spirit thing. Not spiritu-al, a spirit thing. What is the spirit of the designer? If they want to help humanity, it will be difficult technology to weaponize (although not impossible). It will be easy to de-weaponize, also.

We need to focus more on the spirit of help, and less on hurt.

Imagine if those F35 mounting pylons were used to drop field-portable water-purification systems directly where they are needed most.

Imagine if they could be used to drop a copy of archive.org, anywhere in the world, in any language.

Imagine if those ships were being used to bring power to the villages that need it most. Instead of glide bombs, we have glide libraries. Instead of cluster munitions, we instead drop cluster medical kits!

Oh, the glory to be had by those who would do this - the allies in the poor and weak of the world to be found! Imagine this happening, changing the intention from hate and fear, to respect and love.

All it takes is the spirit, a bit of imagination, and any and all technology can be de-weaponized.

It is the warrior narcissist who stands in the way of this. Disarm them too - smash their mirror: Drop books, not bombs!

ff317about 2 hours ago
> Imagine if those F35 mounting pylons were used to drop field-portable water-purification systems directly where they are needed most.

Except we can (and do!) accomplish that with much simpler airplanes. The staggering costs and complexities of an F35 (the thrust:weight, maneuverability, and stealth) don't make sense for any "peaceful" application.

essephabout 1 hour ago
> Those who think weapons are necessary must always take lesser priority than those who invent technology to make the lives of their fellow human beings better.

And then a group that prioritizes weapons over human-life-improving-tools kills the group that prioritizes life and takes your resources.

This is like the larger group version of suicide by cop.

We've been playing this game for as long as human beings have existed.

MomsAVoxell41 minutes ago
There have always been a greater group of humans which de-weaponize (make peace) than those who make war. Always. The evidence is very clear: there are far, far, far more humans in the world not-killing each other than there are, killing each other.

>And then a group that prioritizes weapons over human-life-improving-tools kills the group that prioritizes life and takes your resources

Only for as long as those who make peace, don't pay attention to the prioritization of weapons - and that group of warrior narcissists whose identity is more important than human life must never be allowed to be bigger than the group who make peace - as is happening today at a pace far too great - because otherwise, we all die.

>We've been playing this game for as long as human beings have existed.

Yes, humans have been making peace at far greater scale than those limited few who make war. You just don't see them because a) you have your own warrior narcissist mirror obscuring your view, and b) those people are not narcissists, and are living human lives instead of primping their warrior narcissist identities...

15155about 2 hours ago
What is this word salad? "Spirit?" Intention? Disarm the "warrior narcissist?"

Good luck - this flies in the face of the entirety of human history.

> "what would it take to turn an AK47 or an AR15 into a water pump?"

As someone who has manufactured these from billet: why would you do this? (hence "word salad") Why does one thing at all relate to the other? Why not just manufacture a pump from the same raw resources? Why not both?

> Those who think weapons are necessary must always take lesser priority than those who invent technology to make the lives of their fellow human beings better.

Did the Allies in WWII not "make the lives of their fellow human beings better" using violence? Why didn't they just ask mean old Hitler: "Hey, be nice! Have a good spirit!"? The world has finite resources, inherently making anything often denies those resources (your time, actual materials, etc.) to other causes. "Better" is subjective.

> There are so many examples of the tool-makers winning harder and at greater scale than the bomb-manufacturer.

These organizations are often one in the same.

> We wouldn't be here now if the balance was the other way

The balance is already the other way regardless of your citation-free assertion. You're using the internet to proliferate this tripe - famously a DARPA invention.

> Imagine if those F35 mounting pylons were used to drop field-portable water-purification systems directly where they are needed most.

Why is a high-performance stealth aircraft required for this? Why does one thing have anything to do with the other? What peaceful purpose does stealth capability serve?

> Imagine if those ships were being used to bring power to the villages that need it most.

No need to imagine, this already happens: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Powership

> Disarm them too.

With what? Words? Precisely how do you non-violently disarm someone who is willing and demonstrated to use violence to prevent you from disarming them? Again, the world's resources are finite, and control of these resources inherently requires violence.

Your ability to spread these "ideas" are rooted in violence: taxation, freedom generally. Freedom isn't free, and the price is paid in blood.

rpdillon43 minutes ago
There's a real problem with governments that invade other countries and attack civilians, and we're in a particularly hot time right now. That gives many current examples, though: should Ukraine prioritize manufacturing water pumps? Or do they mostly need weapons to fight back in the war?

I get that folks don't like war. I hate war. I've seen much more evidence that deterrence produces peace more readily than disarmament. On the flip side, more destructive weapons may be used more rarely, but they kill more people when they are used.

I'm not sure what the optimal approach is, but it almost certainly requires nations to arm themselves in case they are attacked. "Provide for the common defense" was not specified idly.

rasenganabout 3 hours ago
I feel really bad for you.

It might actually be wise [1] to create a new, slightly less permissioned license for open source wherein the open is defined as anything that isn’t in a kill or surveillance chain or, more broadly, for military use…

[1] for the community

sheeptabout 2 hours ago
That wouldn't be open source. OSI includes the clause "No Discrimination Against Fields of Endeavor"[0] for its definition of open source. Famously, the JSON license[1] has a clause "The Software shall be used for Good, not Evil," so the Free Software Foundation considers it nonfree.[2]

[0]: https://opensource.org/osd

[1]: https://www.json.org/license.html

[2]: https://www.gnu.org/licenses/license-list.en.html#JSON

m4rtinkabout 2 hours ago
Arguably, any such clauses - similar to attempt for "non commercial" licenses would do more harm than good.

If you actually wanted to respect such a license,you would have to endlessly argue what is dual use technology for example, the same as people argue if advertisements on project website or tangentially related donations make the thing "commercial"?

While at the same time, any "bad guys" will just ignore both.

hparadizabout 2 hours ago
The idea that a defense manufacturer would be stopped by this is too funny. The code won't be auditable by you so how will you know? Secondly even if you did find out the most you'd get is a payout. Thirdly if you believe that missile aren't running GNU/Linux I have a bridge to sell you.
Teeverabout 2 hours ago
I've contemplated writing an email to RMS asking him how he feels about the use of GNU software in military and surveillance systems and if he could do it over if he would do things differently to alllow users to put a clause in their OSS licenses that forbid such things.
Petersipoiabout 2 hours ago
Why do you want the people risking their lives to protect your freedom to have worse artillery? I don't understand this thinking at all. If my country is going to shoot something, I want them to be able to control what actually gets hit. I swear, people take borderline religious stances on things to the point that they no longer make sense.
V__about 2 hours ago
"protect your freedom" does a lot of work here..
islandfox100about 2 hours ago
because my country isn't protecting my freedom, it's killing schoolgirls in a country we had a perfectly fine agreement with four years ago
nilamoabout 2 hours ago
How do you know for sure that only your team is using the code? Are you ok with "the enemy" using your code to kill your soldiers, or you?
650REDHAIRabout 2 hours ago
Where has my “freedom” been protected in the last ~40 years?
hackable_sandabout 2 hours ago
If they can't do their job non-violently then I don't want them to do that job.
bluefirebrandabout 2 hours ago
> Why do you want the people risking their lives to protect your freedom to have worse artillery

If better artillery is being built on open source tech then everyone has better artillery. Not just the people "protecting you" but also the people trying to kill those people

MomsAVoxellabout 2 hours ago
>borderline religious stances on things

+

>risking their lives to protect your freedom

=

nonsense.

The only thing that protects my freedom is active peace-making at levels greater than active war-making.

We are all under a great deal of threat precisely because borderline religious warrior narcissism has taken precedence over emphatic, unstoppable peace-making.

The USA has been bombing people into oblivion "protecting peace", for decades now. Is the world safer now?

No, it very definitely is not.

>Why do you want the people risking their lives ..

I want people risking their lives to make great peace. That is not happening at the scale that it should be.

Instead, the lazy, less noble warrior narcissist, has the world by the nose. The only difference between an utter criminal and a war fighter is a very, very thin line of paper which makes murder in one case illegal and in another case, legal. This paper is tattered and torn and covered in the muck of the victims, held high by the victors to justify their crime.

However, we see today the fallacy of this condition.

If your country is going to shoot something, I want to be damn sure it has done everything ethically, technologically, and administratively possible to have first made peace, at all costs.

That is simply not evident in any of the current world conflicts.

Instead of engaging in foreign cultures, we in the West march in lock-step behind those who have deemed foreign cultures inferior and worthy of nothing but destruction and despair.

I want to see the warrior narcissist who profit from this condition, disarmed and made irrelevant. The only way that happens is if human life takes precedence over human identity.

No humans identity is worth more than another humans life.

Risk your life for true peace this way: Before you murder, abandon yourself!

jasonlotitoabout 2 hours ago
> Why do you want the people risking their lives to protect your freedom to have worse artillery?

Hi. Veteran here. I protected his freedoms to do just that. You asking this question in that way insults veterans, whether you intended it or not. People using this line of thinking usually only care about veterans when it can win them arguments, and do not care any other time.

> I don't understand this thinking at all

Then, instead of asking questions with inflammatory language, you should humble yourself and ask respectfully so you can understand.

Teeverabout 2 hours ago
I'm going to assume that you're an American, speaking from an Americentric point of view and I'd like to take this as an opportunity to discuss the fact that Hacker News is a website that is available to people around the world. Many of those people are not American citizens and do not have the same relationship with the US military and government that you do.
nlittlepooleabout 2 hours ago
stpdnerdismabout 3 hours ago
I doubt this is enforceable. Are you going to sue a government secret program because they used some open source code in a way that violates some weird clause?
gentoofluxabout 3 hours ago
Yes, citizens should sue the government when the government takes actions which are grounds for suit. The government sure will come after your money if you do things they say you shouldn't, and what's good for the goose is good for the gander.
itintheoryabout 2 hours ago
On the other hand, it may be worth publicly and unambiguously stating a position even if unenforceable. This seems to be what most modern protest movements are based on. For instance, how many software repos "stand with Ukraine", even though they won't make an impact on frontline military reality?
jacquesmabout 2 hours ago
You think they're going to read that license and then go oh, sorry, we won't use this because you told us not to?
well_ackshuallyabout 3 hours ago
Ah yes, they're carpet bombing people and indiscriminately killing fighters, adults and children, but they're going to be stopped because... the software they use is two clause GPL.
QuercusMaxabout 2 hours ago
You could sue cloud providers who are using your software and selling to the military
roughlyabout 3 hours ago
The other rule here is that you cannot avoid politics if you want to create a better world. If you want the freedom to develop technology without worrying it will be used by a police state, you need to put in the work to make sure a police state doesn't happen - you cannot ignore politics and just "focus on technology."
__MatrixMan__about 2 hours ago
On the other hand, a few heuristics will get you pretty far:

Don't build technology that interacts with people in ways they did't consent to. Don't build skinner boxes. Let the user decide who gets whatever data they generate while using the thing. Let the user control how it will work, insofar as it doesn't contradict the other heuristics.

These are political principles, but they're pretty basic. You don't have to keep up to date with the news, just check in with your morals once in a while.

roughlyabout 2 hours ago
Yeah, there’s definitely good design principles, but as others have pointed out, it’s extremely difficult to build technologies that are not trivially dual-use.

And, to be clear, I’m not saying “politics” as in “did you hear what Trump said?” I’m saying politics as in “what is your city council doing, how are your neighbors doing, and what are the consequences of your work and economic choices and who’s paying them.” Most of the news is a circus; that stuff is not.

rapindabout 2 hours ago
It’s not at all hard to not “intentionally” build asshole software, but your definitely leaving money on the table.

The nit pick arguments are just a defence to avoid honesty and introspection IMO.

mannanjabout 2 hours ago
Seems like most popular mainstream platforms violate many of those heuristics. Google, Facebook, maybe even hacker news probably, does things with your data you likely never consented to. Do we decide who gets whatever date we generate on those platforms?

I like some platforms do give us choice over our data but rarely do they not have our data be a component of the product. OpenAI, and anthropic for example use our data for "analytic purposes" which is broad enough that we compromise our agency over our data.

So what do you do when the majority of the systems you use on a daily basis to function in a normal life, require you (or atleast the majority of the populace) to compromise on morals? Do you know its expensive rise-wise, cost-wise, socially etc to check in with you morals in that kind of environment. I'm just curious your thoughts on this or if I'm misreading it. edit: And I'm not all doom gloom, I have hope and desire and trust in a future where morals aren't compromised in this way - I just see it as coming with a higher up-front cost and being aware that the most common environments around you systematically actively oppose you.

ragneseabout 1 hour ago
The comment you replied to doesn't imply the users are immoral, but the creators. They're saying that we shouldn't build such systems. I, personally, also believe we should resist using them as much as possible, instead of rewarding them by using them. But, obviously, that may be easier or harder for any given individual situation. So be it; just avoid as much as you can tolerate if you agree that these things shouldn't exist the way they are.
__MatrixMan__about 2 hours ago
> So what do you do when the majority of the systems you use on a daily basis to function in a normal life, require you (or atleast the majority of the populace) to compromise on morals?

You replace those systems, one by one, with systems that don't. You figure out who is doing the work that makes that possible, and you figure out how to ensure they're supported while they do that work. You educate your friends and family that doing so as well is an investment in their future safety. Consider contributing to systems that help, consider damaging systems that harm. Fix a graphene OS bug. Shame a Palantir employee. Donate to Signal. Put a bag over a flock camera. Break somebody's pervert glasses (that is, supposing they're using them without consent of the people around them). There are a million ways to resist, some easy, some hard, some risky, some safe. Find something that jives with your tolerances and your skills and take action.

bkoabout 2 hours ago
How do you make sure a police state doesn't happen? Block traffic? Tweet? Cut off ties with friends and family that don't share your political beliefs?

Of course you can avoid politics. Just be a good person. Vote for who you think is the best candidate at the time. And move on with your life.

Ironically the people most involved in politics don't have their own house in order. They're often mentally ill, over educated, underemployed and without meaningful ties in their life (e.g. family, real life community, etc).

__MatrixMan__about 2 hours ago
There are a lot of answers to this, but since we're likely coders in here, there's a software design answer worth pointing out.

Watch how police states behave. What tools do they use? Typically, it's roots of trust. They take down sites by tampering with their domain name. They MITM web traffic by compelling certificate authorities to do unstrustworthy things. They spy on cell phones by mimicking external authorities that the phones are wired to trust explicitly and without input from the user. They insert devices into ISP infrastructure which users tend to assume is neutral.

So if we want to prevent this: Don't tolerate roots of trust that the user cannot configure. Use a threat model that includes nation states. Don't design with the assumption that trusted third parties will remain trustworthy. Think about how to protect your users privacy. Prefer peer-to-peer where possible, because your server may at one point become compromised and harm the users. Think about how they can protect themselves if that happens. Give them control over whether to install updates. Publish your API so users can make unauthorized clients if they don't trust yours. Prefer repeatable builds, and check hashes to spot malware. Review contributions and be wary of binary blobs that may have hidden use cases.

Mostly this is just sound engineering. It means doing your job well, which is not always the same as doing the job the shareholders asked for. They invested so they could have leverage, so ask yourself ahead of time if those are the same kinds of levers that police states want to pull. Shoot them down in the design phase if possible, sabotage them after the fact if necessary.

roughlyabout 2 hours ago
By being durably involved in your community and by being aware of and not ignoring the consequences of your actions, of the policies you advocate for, the actions of the politicians you endorse, etc. By not just voting once and moving on.
bkoabout 2 hours ago
What does this mean? This is all vague.

"Being aware"

"advocate for"

What are you talking about? Should you hound co-workers that don't work for you? Leave pamphlets on cars with bad bumper stickers? Subscribe to the New Yorker?

If you're interested in politics you should read it, but you should not let it affect your life in any meaningful way.

zero-sharpabout 2 hours ago
The people most involved in politics are mentally ill? Got it...
copper-floatabout 2 hours ago
This definitely feels true, yeah.
miyojiabout 2 hours ago
> Vote for who you think is the best candidate at the time

That is definitionally not avoiding politics.

I think you misunderstand what politics is, at a fundamental level.

antiiabout 2 hours ago
> Block traffic? Tweet? Cut off ties with friends and family that don't share your political beliefs?

All of the above. Get involved with political organisations, NGOs, volunteering groups, go to protests and network with people there. So that when the government starts doing something that approaches a police state, you, your group, and many other groups of people will be out there ready to make their will known. Block roads, burn tires, occupy squares, remove cameras, etc. Is is easy? Not at all. Can you do it alone? No. Is it worth doing to avoid living in a police state? Yes.

Take a look at Russia if you want an example of what widespread political apathy leads to.

bkoabout 1 hour ago
There's nothing that could convince me to do the opposite of what a proponent of a policy is advocating for than inconveniencing me to that extend.

If someone blocks traffic because of [topic], I don't think "gee maybe we are overly-dependent on oil", but the reverse. Most people are the same.

If I see someone defiling a public space, I am more accepting to more authoritative means to restore order.

If someone cuts ties with me because of their political beliefs, I am further convinced they are part of a cult. Because that's essentially what cults advocate for.

You can believe what you want, but you should not be deluded to think you're changing anyone's mind by behaving this way.

marknutterabout 1 hour ago
Zero proof that any of that works to prevent police states from forming.
tshaddoxabout 2 hours ago
Politics in the broadest sense is just any decision-making process where a single decision affects multiple people and those people don't all agree on which decision should be made.
pannyabout 2 hours ago
>you cannot ignore politics and just "focus on technology."

Stallman was right again

https://www.azquotes.com/quote/755239

TZubiriabout 2 hours ago
An conscientious objection is definitely a right you have as a professional, but it's a neutral action, you refuse to do something, and you let someone else do it. If you really are against it, you actively do something about it, like presenting a law or making a criminal complaint.

That said, they are both compatible, you can refuse to do something, and make efforts so that nobody does it.

But I think the the latter is the actual core security model of our society, and refusals aren't really effective to the point that I wouldn't worry much about it and just focus on compartimentalizing and executing on my duties. Isn't it theoretically possible that upper management divides duties so that engineers cannot accurately judge the ethical correctness of the task and the overall mission? As an individual you don't have the right tools to make such an evaluation. You can be pushed to investigate further, but the moment you do so, you cease your role as an engineer and put your citizen hat on.

I personally wouldn't object on most cases, my threshold would be very high, a database of people's sexuality is not even close to even being concerning to me, that's like a Wikipedia infobox property. But even if it were a feature that did concern me, like a citizen-ID to real time coordinates system, I wanna be at the helm of it, either way (if I get the privilege). If something is wrong, I'd be in a privileged position to do something about it internally, judicially or through congress, there's also whistleblowing if it comes to that, but that's not in me.

nisegamiabout 2 hours ago
>An objection of conscience is definitely a right you have as a professional, but it's a neutral action, you refuse to do something, and you let someone else do it.

Correct, and the lessons in the CIA's very own Simple Sabotage Field Manual are still as helpful as when they were written.

IncreasePostsabout 2 hours ago
Actually, you cannot avoid sex. Everything is about sex, even politics. If you want the freedom to develop technology without worrying it will be used by a police state, you cannot ignore sex and just "focus on technology"
bigfishrunningabout 2 hours ago
Except for sex, which is about power
preg_matchabout 1 hour ago
For some people it’s just about pleasure, for others about intimacy. Sex is not implicitly always about power.
apiabout 3 hours ago
There's a deep failed idea here. It's the idea that technology is an alternative to politics, period. I think that whole idea has failed.

You can't avoid building technologies that could be used by a police state, because literally everything can be used for warfare or aggression. The first person who sharpened a stick or a rock created a weapon. Everything is a weapon. Everything is dual-use.

If you want to prevent a police state or any other undesirable political outcome, you have to confront the politics directly. "Change the tools and you change the rules," an old saying from 1990s cyber-culture, is an idea that I think has failed. Instead what happens is that the rules determine what's done with the tools. Those 90s cyber-hippie and cyber-libertarian types vastly underestimated the power of the political to the point of making a category error.

Cryptocurrency is a great case in point. It started as an attempt to create a technology that would act as an escape hatch from corrupt casino capitalism and state-backed financialization. Instead it became an insane absurdist parody of those things. The same types of corrupt individuals who profited off "too big to fail" and the rest of it simply took cryptocurrency and used it to implement the same type of system but on a block chain. The rules (and rulers) changed the tools, not the other way around.

NoidFonsenseabout 2 hours ago
Not everything is dual use. Some information technology grossly favors centralization or decentralization of power based on the type of information problem it solves.

Cryptocurrency is clearly a counterexample to your main point. The fact that some people use cryptocurrency tech to implement centrally managed private currencies is largely irrelevant. To the extent that cryptocurrencies are used to implement private currencies, it largely just hampers them technolgicially if it has any effect at all. These projects just like to use the term cryptocurrency to imply some level of legitimate decentralization or security that doesn't really exist.

It's like saying that because you can use a screwdriver as a weapon, it's inherently a destructive technology (or some mixture of destructive and constructive). On closer inspection it's clear that the screwdriver doesn't sit on the pareto front for weapons, but it does sit on the pareto front for manufacturing tools. So a screwdriver is clearly a technology whose existence favors construction over destruction. Similarly I would argue that technology like bittorrent or bitcoin favor decentralization over centralization.

As another example, surveilance technology favors centralization. None of what we are seeing now with flock would be possible without cheap mass produced digital cameras. The balance of technology favors cheap cameras (and counter-surveilance is often impossible or expensive) and it favors centralization because you need a lot of data to create inferences based on this spurrious data.

If we could have predicted these effects, perhaps we could have delayed the development of cheap cameras, but it just goes to show how complicated this game is. We could just as easily have said that more cameras would lead to unprecedented public transparency (e.g. bodycams on cops, dash cams). Unintended consequences.

cucumber3732842about 2 hours ago
I mean you kind of can. The whole premise of AI is basically that we'll make white collar administrative compliance work dirt cheap in the long run and we'll all be richer for it and we'll sidestep the whole "fight with all those industries" step because the sheer economics of it will make it happen and as those industries become cheaper/poorer there will be even less reason to not kick them to the curb. Kind of like how once certain state shed a lot of their manufacturing or agriculture, adopting policy that's bad for the rest became easier. Or how now that solar is cheap we mostly DGAF about coal.
roughlyabout 2 hours ago
The Marxists were wrong about the inevitability of history no matter which direction or by what mechanism one wants to assert it. You’ve gotta put in the work no matter what, there’s no eliding the actual effort of politics.
bad_haircut72about 3 hours ago
Recently my wife got locked out of her bank account - all cards blocked, unable to log in to the website or app, so effectively her whole finances were frozen - because she was trying to order a new bank card over the phone and some system couldnt do voice recognition (which we did not know they even used). We were getting ready to get on a plane to NYC, from California (she banks with TD bank) but after a tearful session of phoning anyone and everyone we could at TD, suddenly it magically got reversed.

The problem is not just the tech, its building systems where humans are essentially slaves to the system, with no recourse or power over whats happening.

SoftTalkerabout 3 hours ago
Few things are more important in modern life than access to your money. That's why I would never use an online bank. I use a local credit union but "local" with actual branch offices you can walk into and talk to a human are the important thing.
balderdashabout 2 hours ago
TD bank has branches but that's not super helpful if you're at the airport. the helpful thing is having a "relationship manager", someone you can call or email directly - you can get that at a big bank or a small one, and you don't need tons of assets, a lot of banks its having your direct deposit with them is enough to qualify for some special relationship.
preg_matchabout 1 hour ago
Online banks typically offer much more competitive financial products. I have some HYSA accounts at 4% APY, that’s not achievable with a CU or traditional bank.

The solution is the same solution as any financial risk: diversification. I have many accounts at many banks. If any one of them goes down, I’m fine. If multiple go down, I’m still fine in the interim.

robgibbonsabout 2 hours ago
I tend to think the same way, but I've personally had far more issues with my local (largest in the region) credit union. Their (human) customer support reps frequently make mistakes processing my share certificates that automation would have otherwise avoided.
not_wyomingabout 2 hours ago
This entire thread is such a strong case for why all undergrad CS programs should have a core requirement of at least one ethics course.
SoftTalkerabout 2 hours ago
Every business school and MBA program has ethics course requirements. Does it really make a difference? Maybe it does, and things would be even worse than they are otherwise. But I'm not sure.
asdfman123about 1 hour ago
I think the purpose isn't to make people more ethical, which is impossible, but to make ethical people more effective.

It ideally makes people better at identifying when something bad is happening and gives them tools to handle it. If they're amoral in the first place though a course isn't going to change that.

m_dupontabout 1 hour ago
I think of it like so:

All the great people in history who would be regarded as ethical never took an ethics course.

Its hard to know whether an ethics course makes people behave ethically, but its clearly not a necessary requirement to ethical behaviour

SoftTalkerabout 1 hour ago
Many of them were probably religious though, which is basically ethics with a lot of supernatural trappings.

Although lot of terrible people in history were likely at least outwardly religious, so not sure that proves anything one way or the other.

wnolensabout 1 hour ago
A course is nothing. I've long felt that Software Engineering should follow suit of many other engineering disciplines and push responsibility down to engineers. Like how when a bridge falls, an engineer has to answer for it.

I don't know exactly how that looks, and yes there are many issues with it, but we're living in the age of cowboy coding.

not_wyoming42 minutes ago
I agree. Software engineers are approaching a level of societal impact that it would be appropriate to start thinking about professional ethics systems similar to Canada's Iron Ring (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_Ring).

I also think there's a long, long way between here and there, especially in the US. Requiring ethics in CS programs seems more immediately attainable to me, but I agree that it isn't a standalone fix.

HEmanZabout 1 hour ago
I'm curious why you think an ethics course would actually change minds. In my experience in undergrad, we had a CS ethics course, and it went in in-one-ear-and-out-the-other for 99% of students, probably myself included. I know it was a thorough course but I promptly forgot all of it, and so did everyone else.

Ethical stance is not something you can teach in one course. If you don't have this disposition by the time you're in college, I think you're likely not learning it.

not_wyomingabout 1 hour ago
My original comment was more about the quality of discourse in this thread being...somewhat lacking. I'd hope that an ethics course would at least equip CS grads to have a more substantive debate about these sorts of topics. I agree that many students would dial it in for an ethics course (just like they do for many required courses), but I also think there's likely some value in exposure, and it's difficult to argue that ethics are irrelevant to software engineering given the frequency of discussions like this one.

(And, to be fair, it's a discussion board on the Internet, so maybe my expectations are just out of whack.)

Bratmonabout 1 hour ago
Don't ethics courses make people less ethical because they teach people how to come up with ethical justifications for straightforwardly bad things?
m_dupontabout 1 hour ago
One of my favourite tweets, which unfortunately I can't find again was:

"My ethics teacher has gotten his sons girlfriend pregnant. I think about this often"

Reply: "To be fair, you have to be really good a ethics to get away with that"

not_wyomingabout 1 hour ago
Interesting. I don't know. Do you have specific sources you're thinking of?
Terr_about 2 hours ago
Especially if it has concrete historical examples of technology intended for good and how it was later used for evil, rather than something more generally-philosophical.
DaSHackaabout 2 hours ago
You really think taking an ethics COURSE will do anything?

How are you supposed to 'learn' ethics?

Never understood the point of those. My university had over 4 for the cyber students and over half the grads went on to work for the MIC contributing to blowing up brown children in the middle east anyway.

Clearly, our problem must have been that they didn't have 5 mandatory time-waster ethics courses. That surely would have solved the matter. Add in a few extra "racism is bad" and "don't be a meanie" courses to round out the collection, just for good measure.

bigfishrunningabout 2 hours ago
If you think an ethics course is about "racism is bad" or "don't be a meanie" then you weren't paying attention. The ethics class i took in college focused on the philosophical models of ethics from Kant and Aristotle and Nietzsche, utilitarianism and consequentialism and all of that. It's about deriving whether you're doing a "good thing" from first principles, and not some later moral model.
not_wyomingabout 2 hours ago
> My university had over 4 for the cyber students

What program? Or if you'd rather stay anonymous, can you share the curriculum somehow? I'm very curious about what a CS program of study looks like with that many ethics courses.

In the US, many undergrad programs award a minor with 15-18 hours of study in the subject (or 5-6 standard courses). Four ethics courses would basically get you to a philosophy minor.

marknutterabout 1 hour ago
Whose ethics?
frollogastonabout 2 hours ago
At least I had 6 humanities courses telling me why communism is good

Edit: To make this comment have a little substance, what I'm getting at is, universities are already way too biased and one-sided on humanities issues to be teaching ethics. Students notice it too. I've gotten As on some insanely bad papers just cause I knew what they wanted to hear.

glitchcabout 1 hour ago
It's good in theory, I wonder if they talk about the practice..
frollogastonabout 1 hour ago
They said in practice Cuban communism was good. Fastest P/NP in the west.
thereinabout 1 hour ago
We had an ethics course, it was a requirement for graduation if I remember correctly.

It was entirely performative. You can teach a curriculum of ethics, but that won't make a person empathetic. These are courses for credit hours, not firmware updates.

And a person with empathy can always find or be given reasons to not apply his empathy to a person or a group of people.

mrguyoramaabout 1 hour ago
The problem is not a lack of ethics courses. Many CS programs have those ethics courses.

The problem is all the techbros who take those ethics courses and laugh at them as easy and pointless and don't care about them.

There's a lot of very unserious people right now.

bronlund8 minutes ago
I think it’s the other way around. We are from time to time graced with scraps from military research and we think it’s neat.
limagnoliaabout 3 hours ago
The automobile, the transistor, the Internet, and basically every other technology ~could~ be used by a police state. I'm not sure how that is a helpful rule at all.
gumby271about 3 hours ago
The article says the same. I think the point is to be aware and try to build things in a way to minimize the chance for abuse. There's nuance and the author says as much.
stephbookabout 1 hour ago
"Should we have a national database of, say, religious beliefs? Almost instinctively the answer is no."

What about an ad system that can predict beliefs and home addresses? Ooops.

Google, Microsoft, Apple, every telecoms provider, every modern car maker..

codeulikeabout 2 hours ago
I'm in the UK and it always seems weird to me how in the USA its totally normal to publically register yourself as either a Democrat or a Republican. To me seems like the kind of thing that should be private. In the UK I might choose to be a member of a political party but no-one needs to know that except that particular party. Or I can just join no party and vote in private on polling day.
owenversteegabout 2 hours ago
It's because we have open primaries in the US - registering as a Democrat or Republican is only important as far as voting in primaries. In other countries the selection of candidates is internal to the political parties themselves. There are pros and cons for both systems but the US system is fairly unique globally aside from a few exceptions in South America.
frollogaston40 minutes ago
Isn't it kinda internal here too? Parties get to pick their candidates how ever they want. The major ones have primaries, but I still don't know if anything legally requires them to respect the votes there.
samhclarkabout 1 hour ago
It's weirder still because you often don't actually have to register with a party, even to vote in the primaries like other commenters have mentioned; it depends on which state and which party. [0]

For example, I just voted in the Minnesota primaries. Ours are open primaries, so you don't need to register with any party and the ballot has every party on it. Though, it spoils your ballot to vote in multiple parties' primaries. So you gotta choose, but you do that privately.

[0] https://ballotpedia.org/Primary_election_types_by_state

Hugsboxabout 2 hours ago
Because by and large they're all trapped in an "us vs them" team sport where both sides believe everybody on the opposing team is literally Satan.
frollogastonabout 2 hours ago
No, it's because you need to register for a party if you want to vote in its primaries.
copper-floatabout 2 hours ago
I'm really hoping we can get over this silly delusion soon.
bee_riderabout 2 hours ago
It seems quite weird. Our parties are generally quite weird because were are not supposed to exist in the first place and so most of the rules are sort of ad-hoc.

I don’t belong to one, but it is sort of annoying to not be able to vote in the “primary elections” (where the parties pick their candidates). My state has a strong partisan lean so this is the only election that actually matters here. Oh well.

odirootabout 2 hours ago
Then again, EU citizens would find it questionable how in the UK recruiters are asking about your ethnicity, disability status etc.
frollogastonabout 2 hours ago
UK also arrests you for boomer facebook memes. Then again maybe parts of EU too.
Xeoncrossabout 1 hour ago
I'm a tech worker.

I'm given a promotion for adding invasive features based on "insights".

I'm incentivized to create something patent-able to restrict competition.

I'm rewarded for more detailed metrics to reveal more.

I'm hired by how many people were affected by my previous work regardless of ethics.

There is no reward for protection, privacy, and restricting access to data.

gumby271about 3 hours ago
I've been arguing with folks on Reddit about this lately when it comes to Google's changes to Android (where they've made it more difficult to install any software on your device without Google first tracking the identity of the developer). My argument ultimately comes down to the fact that Google (and Apple already) have built a technology that gives them immense power to control individual computing freedoms, and no matter their internal policy, they still must follow US law. No amount of promises or legit good faith on their part matter, they've made a dangerous technology and are behold to a government that is very eager to censor anything it doesn't like. It's so disappointing to see 1. Google engineers build such a thing, and 2. For people to support it.
arjieabout 1 hour ago
That just moves the decision point to “could be used by a police state”. Some people prefer humans as being the only people who can determine what a civil violation is. E.g. if a policeman doesn’t pull you over you shouldn’t be punished. This allows for great personal discretion and the potential for a police state through such discretionary exertion of power as exemplified by the famous line

> “For my friends, everything. For my enemies, the law”

I prefer speed cameras, red-light cameras, and so on because automated enforcement removes discretionary power from enforcement agents. I believe that enforcement agents are the arms of the civic body tasked with ensuring the commons are not ruined. Consequently, controlling the exertion of discretion is entirely an engineering approach to controlling quality of enforcement. Others believe that enforcement agents are our rulers or agents thereof that we must submit to - and therefore to whom we must give great discretion so that they can choose whether we are worthy or not.

That is incompatible with all being equal before the law.

goda90about 1 hour ago
> I prefer speed cameras, red-light cameras, and so on because automated enforcement removes discretionary power from enforcement agents.

There can still be corruption with automated enforcement. If the punishment is fees and the fees go towards the budget of those in charge of the automation parameters, then you'll see manipulation of parameters to increase fees paid. Shorter yellow lights, shorter distance between a speed limit sign and the speed camera, requiring more effort to contest the automation when it's wrong than to just pay the fee, etc.

arjieabout 1 hour ago
This is true. A useful difference between this form of parameter optimization and the unalignability of humans is that it is possible to force constraints on these parameters. E.g. San Francisco’s speed cameras run in collection mode to obtain baselines and then in enforcement mode where they have to demonstrate reduction in speeding. California mandates minimum yellow times.

Flaws exist but we can constraint-engineer to minimize adversarial optimization of parameters. Improvements allow us to asymptotically approach our goal optimum. Human discretion, on the other hand, is fluid and dodges all attempts at enforcement.

We require many human agents solely because transforming unstructured vision space into structured judgment was impossible in the past. Currently, in a sufficiently constrained environment (roadways) we are able to solve sufficiently constrained problems (speeding, running a red light).

One hopes that we are able to solve this problem in more spaces as time goes by.

salynchnewabout 1 hour ago
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cupcakecommonsabout 2 hours ago
Defaulting to discussing the US here: let's start with reducing the state's size - it shouldn't be the world's largest employer, it shouldn't be able to run an unfathomably large deficit, it shouldn't be able to declare war without congressional approval. Technology to run a police state is just the last step in a long line of ridiculously unacceptable steps.
genxyabout 2 hours ago
Let's slip in your pet bugaboo. Workforce size very little to do with state surveillance. In fact, mandating that it shrink can result in blowback, just like we have seen with how the US provides a great antagonist for China to evolve its own capabilities faster than if we had done nothing.
runtime_terrorabout 2 hours ago
How does the number of state employees de facto result in a police state?

I agree with you on our obscene debt and our obsession with "conflicts" around the world, but I'd argue we're seeing the mass reduction of state employees and it's just making everything worse (eg massive deregulation and the destruction of checks and balances).

charlieyu1about 2 hours ago
It won’t work for any country. They all want more control, and also create a class of people depending on government money to be on their side. Only people losing out are the powerless ordinary citizens and taxpayers
PaulRobinsonabout 2 hours ago
This is missing the "(2013)" at the end of the HN link, but it does seem weirdly prescient as we say a rise of more polarised politics across the World, just 13 years later.
gumby271about 2 hours ago
And a rise in tech companies building products and features that dont benefit the users, knowing we cant really escape at this point.
NietTimabout 2 hours ago
Thanks, didn't notice it before you pointed it out (and I already made my comment), actually turned into quite an interesting retrospective for me
gagan202034 minutes ago
They all are created by US companies only. FB, Instagram, Youtube, X, Google (Android & others), Apple, etc. Face Recognition, Drones, space exploration (engines for missiles), AI, LLMs, etc.

So, Either do it yourself (China) or get run by them (India).

ahartmetzabout 2 hours ago
Pinging the absolute jerkwads at amutable.com who state that it's not their problem how their remote attestation technology will be used.
rini17about 2 hours ago
The sad irony of "Share this post on..." with neat list of all the services doing exactly what the post warns against. They can and often are already used by police state.
SillyUsernameabout 2 hours ago
As a recruiter once said to me, if you don't do the defence work, somebody else will. So you might as well do it and do a better job and get paid well. I didn't go for the job.
applfanboysbgonabout 2 hours ago
If you don't man the concentration camps, somebody else will. So you might as well do it and do a better job and get paid well.
tptacekabout 3 hours ago
Has this philosophical approach ever worked? It's a commonplace in the hard sciences and engineering fields (ie, refusing to work on weapons systems), but weapons systems are elite and well-compensated engineering projects that don't have any trouble finding talent. The same thing goes for NSA, which has a line out the door from elite academia.

I'm not dismissing the sentiment here. It's morally sound. You should act in accordance with your principles and it useful to be reminded how those principles intersect the world. I have similar guardrails (probably not the same as the author's). I just wouldn't want people to overestimate what can be accomplished with this approach.

m-eeabout 3 hours ago
A significant number of people in positions of power in the AI industry get their moral framework from science fiction books and a particular Harry Potter fanfiction. It’s hard to predict what ideas and philosophies will become important.
arjieabout 1 hour ago
Most people get their moral framework from TV, movies, and memes. Hence the common refrain of “this is just like gattaca” and “have you not seen the movie X? This happens there!” And the torment nexus crap.

I call this https://wiki.roshangeorge.dev/w/Story-Logic_Bias

But that seems normal and historical. Stories are how we encode memorable concepts for transmission to each other and probably why the Bible is full of parables and so on.

Someone pointed out to me that said Harry Potter fanfiction author has written about this specific bias as well https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/rHBdcHGLJ7KvLJQPk/the-logica...

Hugsboxabout 2 hours ago
Sorry, purely just curious here because I'm not sure what you mean - what Harry Potter fanfiction?
krappabout 2 hours ago
"Harry Potter and the Methods of Rationality" written by Eliezer Yudkowsky has become something akin to a sacred text among the rationalist community.

edit: posted is a podcast by Behind the Bastards about the Zizians, a death cult that branched out of rationalist community and which was responsible for six deaths, but it covers the rationalist community and the Harry Potter fanfiction as well.

[0]https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9mJAerUL-7w

closeparenabout 2 hours ago
The obvious 21st century United States instance of "don't collect data that the government might later use for persecution" is E-Verify.
metalsiliconYTabout 1 hour ago
No electricity yea! No internet, no food! No Water!
sebstefanabout 1 hour ago
The impossibility of drawing a line! So difficult! So nebulous! I will work for a concentration camp
jimmyjazz14about 2 hours ago
Wouldn't a better title be "don't give out information that you wouldn't want used by bad actors"? Seems less about technology and more about privacy.
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quantum_stateabout 1 hour ago
The concept is like the perpetual machine in the 1800s. It is simply an impossibility. Please avoid wasting time.
xandriusabout 3 hours ago
I'd be careful banging two rocks together else someone might start a war with them!
seethishatabout 2 hours ago
People cite Flock as an example of this. Yet the same people walk around with iPhones and Android devices that can record conversations (who talks to whom at what times and for how long), know our exact locations and log everything we do online.

If I had told you 30 years ago that we are going to build a surveillance network and make the people we are tracking pay for it all you would have laughed me out of the room. But that is what we have built. The modern Smart Phone.

Now we use our iPhones to complain about cameras on public roads as if they are watching us.

runtime_terrorabout 2 hours ago
Smart phones are opt-in technology. Flock is not.
NietTimabout 2 hours ago
Very flawed argument, anyone can go for a walk without their phone on them and have a conversation, nobody would ask them why they don't have their phone on them.
seethishatabout 2 hours ago
I know it is not a popular opinion. But it is my opinion.

Do you seriously think that governments need Flock cameras when they have Apple, Microsoft and Google?

runtime_terrorabout 2 hours ago
Ostensibly they need a warrant to get that data from Apple/Google whereas they have a direct line to Flock data cause that's how that relationship works
NietTimabout 2 hours ago
Governments don't need flock or AMG, that's where the flaw in your argument begins.
nulloremptyabout 1 hour ago
Your taxes are building police state for you.

What's the recourse here?

kingleopoldabout 3 hours ago
how about you guys understand that state is criminal master org. that uses violence monopoly? is it too high level or hard to understand this?

see war on drugs and more

slgabout 2 hours ago
I find it frusrating how the conversation around this almost always focuses on one side of the equation. Why is it always about preventing tools from being built in case authoritarians comes to power rather than preventing those authoritarians from coming to power in the first place? I'm far more scared off the authoritarian aspect than the tech. The Nazis didn't need Flock cameras to kill millions. It seems like focusing on the actual bad guys is going to be more effective because if the state wants to bear its weight on you, it rarely requires tech to do it.
ds_opseekerabout 2 hours ago
The Nazis relied heavily on IBM technology for national census data (to identify jews), military logistics, ghetto statistics, train traffic management, and concentration camp capacity

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_and_the_Holocaust

I fully agree with your base perspective, that the main focus should be on preventing authoritarians from coming to power in the first place.

I also agree with your final point, that the government doesn't need tech to lean on a person.

We disagree in the middle, on how tech that makes evil orders of magnitude easier might be a contributing factor and might enable the government to lean on many more people than it would otherwise.

slgabout 1 hour ago
My comment was made knowing and understanding the Nazis use of tech. But it's an argument of efficiency and efficiency matters less and less when dealing with the state due to their relative resource and power imbalance compared to individuals. Tech might have sped up the Nazi death machine, but the desire and intent for murder is all that matters in the long run. Their efficiency was of note really only because their time in power was relatively brief. If they were like some other authoritarian regimes and remained in power for decades, they likely would have eventually racked up the same death toll with or without the tech.

We also never seem to accept this answer for other forms of tech. Should we ban encryption because it makes it easier for terrorists to hide? Should your phone run ever photo you take through a CSAM database to catch preditors? Should we ban 3d printers because someone might print gun parts? For some reason we understand that people motivated enough to commit crimes will find a way to do it. This is much truer when it comes to the actions of the state than it is for individuals. I'm never going to learn to smith parts for a gun, but I could figure out 3d printing pretty easily. If the state wants me dead or in jail, I don't think the Flock cameras are that meaningful.

tehlikeabout 2 hours ago
People have incentives to become more powerful - through wealth, power, leverage, or in other ways. So unfortunately, authoritarianism tends to have gravity going for it.
wartywhoa23about 2 hours ago
The water flows whichever way there's a gradient of height.

Don't create gradients you don't have dams for.

well_ackshuallyabout 2 hours ago
>The Nazis didn't need Flock cameras to kill millions.

No, but they were extremely happy to hop over to France and realize that we kept lists that indirectly listed jews. Actions have consequences that we may not be able to predict.

blfrabout 3 hours ago
Libertarianism has its moments but it generally hasn't caught on because state capacity is unique and useful. And virtually every last bit of it can be used to facilitate a police state because it's... a state.

Sure, we could all live without IDs and use motio belli for defence but this arrangement will be soon replaced by someone more organized because there is a huge return to that organization despite its risks.

stpdnerdismabout 3 hours ago
The article is not completely wrong in its premises, but phrased incorrectly.

This is not about technologies (after all, an authoritarian government will use many existing technologies, from the car to the computer), but about powers granted to a government, that could be used differently by the next party/majority in power.

The answer to that is to not grant government too much power in the first place.

Of course, this is often a contentious point for leftists, since they do want to grant government a lot of power in the first place; they're just concerned that the exact same powers will then be used by a different political side in a way that bothers a different category of people.

cupcakecommonsabout 2 hours ago
You will get downvoted to oblivion for even suggesting it here but it's so obviously a take that maps on cleanly to reality. Massive power centralization in government makes everything dual use in the service of a police state. The easiest thing to do is resist massive centralization of power in a government.
itsanaccountabout 2 hours ago
you get downvoted because to most people we don't care if its tyranny.gov or tyranny.com. "don't give powers to the government" just means they buy them from corporations. see: cellphone location data.

the solution is not to have the power exist at all, anywhere.

mrguyoramaabout 1 hour ago
>the solution is not to have the power exist at all, anywhere.

This is nonsensical. The power always exists, it's just your fellow human beings doing things, to you, around you, with you, without you.

You cannot do anything to not have that power. It doesn't matter if your neighbors are lynching you because the evil dictatorial police state said to, or because the rough consensus of a mob of lunatics want your food.

You as a human lack power. Humans working together have far more power. Sometimes, you can use the combined power of some humans working together to empower other humans. That's what laws are. That's what a State can do.

That's why corporations can have power even though they are not part of government. Being able to direct 1000 humans to do something is what power is.

You cannot eliminate that power. It's a fundamental part of reality. It's the entire reason animals evolved to be social at all, to take advantage of that power.

dvrpabout 1 hour ago
What about fire?
piloto_ciegoabout 2 hours ago
Or, and here me out…

“Become ungovernable.”

dennis_jeeves240 minutes ago
This is the most correct response.
1-6about 2 hours ago
That has been the motto of our governors.
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josefritzishereabout 2 hours ago
"Civic hygiene isn't about saying we distrust our current government - it's about not trusting the next government." I've made similar points. Granting one government administration more power, is by extension granting it to all future administrations. Do so only with great care.
tshaddoxabout 2 hours ago
Clearly you need to consider how general the capabilities and use cases of the technology is. The most general-purpose technologies will always have obvious use cases for police states and other bad groups or people.
pannyabout 2 hours ago
Civic Hygiene is the opposite of how you were taught to write code...

>It should be noted that no ethically-trained software engineer would ever consent to write a DestroyBaghdad procedure. Basic professional ethics would instead require him to write a DestroyCity procedure, to which Baghdad could be given as a parameter.

https://blog.codinghorror.com/to-serve-man-with-software/

nanielabout 3 hours ago
this is an important topic, and i hate that people forget how difficult it is. in any political conversation, it's pretty easy to pull this thread to unravel anyone's adamant belief in one thing or another (e.g. gun control). my biggest concern is that people seem less willing than before to actually have those discussions.. they'll immediately just label you as being opposed to their views, "against" them.. when really we need these conversations to find viable policy solutions that wont easily be used in the exact opposite way that they were intended when implemented
_doctor_loveabout 2 hours ago
Like others have said, I don't think it's possible to create technology that cannot be weaponized. I think it's possible (mostly) to design technology so that abuse requires more people, requires the leaving of evidence / paper trail, needs checks, etc.

But still, it's not possible to prevent abuse altogether and sometimes we even applaud breaking the rules (the movie Hunt for Red October for example kicks off with the Soviet captain jumping the guardrails).

Also, the most "benign" public infrastructure is usually the most impactful, e.g., water systems and electrical systems. Don't like the people in that one town who keep protesting and voting against you? Turn off their power, water, and also make it so that their trash doesn't get picked up for a year. See how they like it.

AndrewKemendoabout 3 hours ago
Bertrand Russell:

“If war is not impossible, then every advance in scientific technique in an advance in mass murder”

As true today as then

You can replace war with “police state” and it’s the same message.

https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=GzTlTVaYDtk

ReptileManabout 3 hours ago
Technology is force multiplier. Everything could be used for oppression. Deal with it - the future is boot stomping on human face forever. There are lucky few that could choose whether they will be the face or foot. But it is inevitable.

Or we could stop all tech development. But it is not going to happen.

arionhardison41 minutes ago
About 15 years ago I was locked up in SF (850 Bryant/HoJ 7th floor) and everyone was talking about their "jobs"; like what they did for a living outside of the obvious. I said "I fuck with computers and shit" and I got some follow-up questions I did not expect like - "wtf you doing here", they were all along those lines. I been locked up plenty of times but this was the 1st time I was publicly ridiculed for it. This guy named Vic; big ass black dude with an extremely visible front tooth missing said: "Man, if I could do what you do I would rebuild the Gov." What followed was a discussion where everyone in the pod which not only showed interest and consensus but an abject disappointment in me and my choices so I said jokingly, well OK; if I am ever locked up w/ my computer I'll rebuild the Gov. Then Covid hit, i got fired from Goop and I found myself essentially "locked up w/ my computer". Here on HN; this is NOT a popular sentiment and I know it will garner nothing but admonishment in the form of downvotes and ridicule but I have really been able to help some people w/ housing, re-entry, healthcare, addiction etc... so fuck it.

Everyone in that pod agreed the Gov was broken. Nobody could put their finger on it or articulate in what AI might deem a "load bearing" - HHAHAH capacity. The other day i saw a comment on here by bob1029 [1] and he put it better than I ever could. It's broken because nobody can execute across all the moving parts; its a coordination issue in many ways - the cost of collaboration has become so large that it has become the thing to overcome instead of whatever first principal is the whole point of the shit e.g.: Healthcare, Food, Housing etc... The bottleneck was never intelligence it's coordination. The cost of getting many parties to act together without the whole thing blowing up.

The Anthropic multi-agent article hit it too...turf war, the 2.4M-request queue, the price collusion, the merge silos. Every one is the same thing: free-form runtime "negotiation" blowing up. And every success is an agent ad-hoc reinventing an institution mid-fight inventing a "verifiable criterion," writing an apology commit and pulling in a human, running a tournament as a commitment device. They keep hand-rolling the institution, badly, under fire.

So stop making them reinvent it. The generalization of the "constrained action space" idea isn't just bounding one agent's moves it's what I call an intent: intents don't just constrain each agent's actions, they codify the coordination itself.

And I make the unit of coordination a first-class object: the Deal a structured negotiation instead of a free-form one. The Deal is the container those agents keep reinventing, handed to them up front: scope and terms, the parties and their roles, the ordered steps, a verification gate as the neutral arbiter, and an appeal / human-escalation path as recourse, all over an append-only record. Agents negotiate inside a bounded contract instead of improvising one mid-fight.

How it works from what you say to what actually happens (the "Deal")

1. You speak the intent. You can use a form but I found people like the verbal shit much more.

2. Break the problem into an ontology. The ask gets decomposed into the real work it implies mapped to actual job roles (O*NET). Problem → Solution.

3. Vet the solution with the gov council agents. Every domain has one public AI expert in that agency's real systems Medicare, Medicaid, SSA, OPM (pda:codify.<domain>). Policies get deliberated and voted, elected officials in the loop, before anything runs. Stakeholders.

4. We staff it. It matches the specific expertise needed the exact specialty, not a generic "doctor." Down to the right role for your case.

5. We set up the financing. The money that follows the person eligibility, benefits, the payment rail. Financing.

6. An agent manages the process with expertise humans in the loop for anything high-risk, adjusting as outcomes come back, like an adaptive trial, until the outcome is met or it fails honestly. Expertise → Outcome.

The atomic unit of value here is a "Deal". Problem broken down, solution vetted, staffed, financed, executed under contract. intent → Deal → outcome.

Overview

- Intent: https://wiki.erpo.law/agent/wa-erpo

- Program: https://erpo.law/program/71069-petition-for-an-erpo-as-a-fam...

- Protocol: https://erpo.law/protocol/71079

I'm building it in the open because I think thats the only way this can be done

https://medicare.dev

https://epa.dev

etc...

Learning how to take criticism better so the more criticism the better.

[1] - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49316271

simoncion9 minutes ago
/me inserts the "You're proposing a software solution to a social problem" copypasta form

Seriously, if the coordination problem you've identified isn't solved by the instantaneous global communications tech that we've had for between thirty and a hundred years (depending on how you count), it's a people problem that's not going to be solved by more tech. Notice how everything except maybe steps six and three in your plan require people to agree on the nature of the problem, whether it is a problem that even should be solved, and how many resources to commit to solving it. Getting people to agree to solve problems that need to be solved -even in the cases where solving those problems makes them personally worse off- is the blocker. Your use of shiny new software tools does nothing to remove that blocker.

NietTimabout 2 hours ago
Edit; wrote this comment before I realised this is a blog post from 2013. In 2013 I would've agreed 110% with this.

-----------

This is one of those things that make for great post title and gets you all riled up at first but when you think about it, it's really shallow.

Most civic databases can be abused by any sufficiently authoritarian government. A homeless shelter's records may contain exactly the sort of information that could be used to get "undesirables" off the street. But those same records are useful for coordinating beds, outreach, medical care, etc. Surely the conclusion isn't that the shelter shouldn't keep records.

It seems much more useful to focus on limiting what gets collected, who gets access to it, and how long it can be retained. In other words, boring things like data-minimisation and retention laws. Somewhat amusingly, that gets you pretty close to the sort of principles behind GDPR, which isn't exactly universally loved around here.

I don't really disagree with the blog post's moral intuition. What bothers me is the emphasis on individual moral choices by the people building these systems. I've seen plenty of my peers happily work for companies that have spent the last twenty years building exactly this kind of technology, there will always be someone willing to build it. That's not an argument for abandoning personal ethics, but it is an argument against treating personal ethics as any form of serious societal safeguard. "good engineers should refuse to build them" means nothing.

cynicalsecurityabout 2 hours ago
Companies that agree to work on Chat Control deserve a special place in hell. One company that was eager to participate, hoping this harmful law would pass, is Atos. Name and shame them.
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itsanaccountabout 3 hours ago
I think this runs into a basic issue that all large software systems that enforce the law contribute to locking down a society because laws tend to need be broken to be changed.

That a system can be avoided offends the investor who want their products to be ubiquitous.

The system that is not perfectly enforced offends the engineer who dislikes broken things.

Yet both are required if we as a society are to grow. I think the thing that it might be good to learn is when to say "I've done/had enough."

philipallstarabout 3 hours ago
> because laws tend to need be broken to be changed

Nope.

itsanaccountabout 2 hours ago
I think I could collect enough weight of books on "civil disobedience" at my local library that I could crush you underneath them, even if you didn't bother reading them.
krautburglarabout 2 hours ago
Assholes like this were all for the police state back when it was up to stop-the-spread “contact tracing”, real-time “fact-checking” my private messages, arresting people for facebook posts, and transing your kids.

Now that the red pedophiles are in charge instead of the blue ones, he changes his tune.

ck2about 3 hours ago
the problem is Capitalism does not need Democracy to function or survive

many countries like Singapore, etc. prove this easily

Authoritarianism can even be desired by Capitalists if they know who to bribe to remove regulations and get approvals

and no surprise, that's exactly where the United States is right now, teetering on the edge of that hole, about to fall in

"AI" is going to be weaponized, already is, and any resistance against its abuse is simply overriden with threats to destroy profits or even company survival at all

jsbgabout 3 hours ago
> many countries like Singapore, etc. prove this easily

Economic freedom is a necessary but not sufficient condition for political freedom.

nemomarxabout 3 hours ago
well, be glad it's company survival and not personal survival yet. We had that article about the men with guns in egypt recently too
stpdnerdismabout 3 hours ago
There is some sort of "nerd naivete" that they are the ones with power to control those things.

If you're a nerd developing open source (not an insult; I'm in that category), our job is to develop effective technology.

If you want to do politics, go into law and/or politics (or into business, so you can fund/control politics).

>"But software which OpenBSD uses and redistributes must be free to all (be they people or companies), for any purpose they wish to use it, including modification, use, peeing on, or even integration into baby mulching machines or atomic bombs to be dropped on Australia. " -- Theo De Raadt

inferniacabout 3 hours ago
What is the point of writing something like this?

It's embarassing for an adult to think like this. There will always be someone willing to build that thing (and that was true even before llms)

aself10137 minutes ago
Well, there are quite a few frames to think about. What about the unintended consequences of building something for a worldview at the time? Then the next generation of stewards take over, do not have the same understanding of the problem the system solved and different ideas on how to use the system. That's definitely something worth writing about. Stewardship in software is a real and common aspect of the greater system we all live in, and has unknown consequences with each generation that takes over. When you step in as a gen-1 builder, you should probably consider what it is you are about to build.
Georgelementalabout 3 hours ago
> There will always be someone willing to build that thing

… with sufficient time and money. As opposed to the minimal time and money required if the baddies are just pulling an existing solution off the shelf.

no_multitudesabout 2 hours ago
I hope you are joking, or haven't thought this through! If you sincerely believe and act on what you're saying here, you should be shunned from polite society.
sebstefanabout 2 hours ago
He's not joking, he's tacitly asking for peace of mind from his peers :)
OkayPhysicistabout 2 hours ago
Just because someone is willing to build it doesn't mean it has to be you.

We may all play some part in societies that have some degree of monstrous outcomes, but I feel like staying on the "tragic civilian casualty" side versus the "legitimate target" side of a freedom fighter's bombing campaign is probably the way to go.

wartywhoa23about 2 hours ago
It's not about someone willing or not, it's about you, an ostensibly grown adult who should think in terms of your own responsibilities instead of others'.
ForHackernewsabout 3 hours ago
Speaking of embarrassing, your argument is an argument against having any professional ethics whatsoever.
mikestewabout 2 hours ago
“Someone else will build it anyway, might as well be me.” I don’t think embarrassment lies at the feet of OP.
reaperducerabout 3 hours ago
It's embarassing for an adult to think like this.

Joe's gonna die anyway. I might as well kill him before someone else does.

It's embarassing for an adult to think like this.

zero-sharpabout 3 hours ago
What's embarrassing about it?
victorbjorklundabout 3 hours ago
Terrible argument. You can say ”why not work as a concentration camp guard? There will always be someone willing to do it so you might as well cash in”
wartywhoa23about 2 hours ago
At Nuremberg, they all were just doing their job and executed their orders, those eager beavers of men.