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#devices#firmware#hours#reverse#monitor#few#device#why#every#while

Discussion (98 Comments)Read Original on HackerNews

Waterluvianabout 1 hour ago
Two weeks ago I told Claude “I have a <wifi outlet relay> on the LAN at <IP>. Assume direct control of it.” And about 8 command approvals later I had a new firmware running on it.

Mind you, it found and used an existing firmware flashing library for this family of devices. But it felt amazing to do in 20 mins what would probably have been hours and hours of research and tinkering that I wasn’t interested in. I just wanted a WiFi lava lamp.

SomeHacker44about 1 hour ago
Surprising. I have hit its BS guardrails a lot lately, working on my vintage computers from the 80s and early 90s. Just about done with Claude.
Spooky2316 minutes ago
You can’t be loyal to these things. I ditched ChatGPT during the peak Claude hype after Christmas.

I feel like Claude has shittified a bit and ChatGPT is good and fast. Gemini remains mediocre, although it seems Google AI energy is directed elsewhere.

ndiddyabout 3 hours ago
> My ASUS ROG Swift PG42UQ monitor was actually where I started, because I got annoyed at the pop-up overlay that comes up every once in a while that tells me to run “pixel cleaning”. I have never intentionally run pixel cleaning on this monitor and I never will, I don’t care, and I would like for that overlay to go away forever. Maybe there’s a debug menu or something that can turn it off, or worst case we patch a branch in the firmware?

Note that this is an OLED monitor, so the "pixel cleaning" thing is probably some sort of anti-burn in feature. You could probably ask the AI to look at the firmware and describe what it does.

Aurornisabout 2 hours ago
Yeah, you actually want to do this with monitors of that generation to make them last.

You could argue that there should be an option to disable it for people who don’t care.

Refusing to take 1 minute out of your day to learn the reason for the alert is a strange self-defeating protest next to the explanation that it was a pretty expensive monitor.

schlarpcabout 2 hours ago
I understand what it does, I think the alert is annoying. It takes at least five minutes and automatically runs when the monitor is off. I’ve had it for a few years and have no burn in issues despite not doing this every eight hours on command.
kulahan16 minutes ago
How is it strange that among the 900,000 1-minute tasks you need to complete on a given day, this one is low on the list?
eikenberryabout 1 hour ago
> Yeah, you actually want to do this with monitors of that generation to make them last.

Brand new models still have this popup... what "generation" are you talking about that doesn't need this? Or is it just unnecessary on the newer models but they have it any ways due to lack of firmware updates?

californicalabout 2 hours ago
Eh I think the monitors should just handle this automatically - mine do. I basically have no idea that they do any cleaning cycles except when I check their “advanced” menu and it says it’s run 1200 times or whatever
DiabloD3about 2 hours ago
They can.... which everyone bitched about: they would do their cleaning cycle, no matter if you were busy or not.
userbinatorabout 1 hour ago
The Internet seems rather reluctant to explain what exactly "pixel cleaning" does, but based on the vague useless "explanations" I could find, I suspect it's a sort of "flat-field correction" where it calibrates the pixel drive current to darken the less worn and/or brighten the more worn ones so it eliminates the burn-in effect. This obviously leads to a vicious cycle where more worn pixels are driven harder and hence wear faster...

IMHO OLED is a planned-obsolescence dead-end anyway; LCDs can last literally decades, maybe with a backlight replacement, but OLEDs are designed to fail in a few years. I have a few (rather expensive) pieces of test equipment with OLEDs that became unreadable after only a few years and had to be replaced (fortunately with a regular LCD, and some firmware patching), while others with old-school CSTN/TN LCDs are still fine.

Rohansiabout 2 hours ago
I don't think learning more about what it does is going to make them change their mind here.
NegativeLatency43 minutes ago
Or update the firmware to do it every n hours or screen blanks or something automatic with no nag
baby_souffleabout 2 hours ago
> You could probably ask the AI to look at the firmware and describe what it does.

Or ask for a patch so it runs after the monitor has been powered off for a while...

I use an LG OLED 42inch TV as a monitor and it has a setting to do just this.

ndiddyabout 2 hours ago
I looked it up, his monitor does do it automatically after it's been powered off for a few minutes. He's getting the nag message because the monitor has been on and displaying a picture for over 8 hours.
winridabout 2 hours ago
Every 8 hours is insane, though
2III7about 2 hours ago
That is just crap UX. Sonys OLED tv-s for example do this automatically while in standby mode in addition to pixel shift while displaying an image. On the other hand Phillips OLED tv-s also ask the user if they want to do a panel refresh.
moralestapiaabout 2 hours ago
Perhaps you didn't read the text you just copied and pasted, but here it is for you:

"I have never intentionally run pixel cleaning on this monitor and I never will, I don’t care, and I would like for that overlay to go away forever."

No need for ackshually, the guy is clear with what he desires. That is, by the way, the point of TFA. I want my devices to do what I want, not what a product manager wants or what a dude on hacker news wants.

The author even dropped a comment here doubling down on his intent. That is the main problem, when the smaht guys think they know better, to a pathological extent where they tell other people what they ought to do with their things .

harry8about 2 hours ago
>...the smaht guys think they know better, to a pathological extent where they tell other people what they ought to do with their things .

Not just tell, actually nag, coerce and force, often in the teeth of their own total idiocy.

"Your password needs to be between 8 and 15 characters and include an upper case letter, a symbol and a number. (And an actually good, strong password will be rejected).

See that all the time, still, in 2026. So very smaht.

srcreighabout 3 hours ago
> I haven’t actually been brave enough to write a modified firmware to the thing yet - it’s a pretty expensive monitor - but I’ll get there at some point.

Honestly if you don't have working patches, it's really not owned.

I would love to get a better understanding of how to safely iteratively patch firmware. I bricked a router last week trying to add a TFTP boot path to the boot partition. It just sucks that it's so risky.

Relatedly, we also need good glitching tools, as some firmware even for cheap devices are not available unencrypted, and flash read is disabled...

We are NOT there yet but I hope we get there soon.

Retr0idabout 2 hours ago
If you're prepared to get out a soldering iron and/or chip-clip, you can usually back up and restore whatever IC stores the firmware you're modifying, giving you a recovery path.

> we also need good glitching tools

There are a lot already, what do you feel is missing?

srcreighabout 2 hours ago
How should I learn more about how to do it, what to buy, etc ? I haven't found ChatGPT to be a good teacher about this topic, and in particular re glitching, AI will refuse to discuss specifics

I have enough basic soldering to get UART attached, but not sure what to try after that.

Equipment-wise, I currently just have a few ESP32-C3s and electronics basics kit and some basic soldering stuff.

Retr0idabout 2 hours ago
There are plenty of pre-2023 resources out there, especially conference talks. But, Claude has no issues discussing glitching if you have CVP.
philipsabout 4 hours ago
I just reverse engineered the Supernote note file format with an agent a few weeks ago. For years the community had been asking for a document on the format. And in a few hours the agent, with 20 something file format example fixtures and 30 something prompts, was able to reverse out the format.

It would have been completely not worth the effort to do this by hand for a niche device. Now, in a few hours of effort there is working code and a doc.

https://github.com/philips/supernote-typescript/blob/main/pl...

https://philips.github.io/supernote-typescript/

frioabout 3 hours ago
While it’s impressive work from the LLM and a TS implementation is novel, there’s at least a couple of pre-existing Python REs eg. https://github.com/jya-dev/supernote-tool :)
fwipabout 1 hour ago
It seems like most of these "an LLM solved this in only X hours! " could have been "I found an open source solution that did what I needed with X minutes of web search."

Which doesn't mean that the LLM definitely couldn't have accomplished it without the prior art (in either the training set or explicitly in a a web search). But it does seem to be a trend.

zatkinabout 3 hours ago
I personally own a Supernote, but I'm not a heavy user of it. For the sake of my own curiosity, what benefits will you get out of having reverse engineered the Supernote note file format? It would be super rad to be able to move my notes between other devices, which is one big plus that comes to my mind.
teddyhabout 3 hours ago
Key takeaway:

> And the existence of WebUSB, WebHID, and WebBluetooth mean that for some devices, depending on the specifics of which classes are used, a moment of user indiscretion in accepting a permissions prompt could permanently backdoor one of their attached devices.

_kbabout 2 hours ago
The preceding sentence is equally prescient:

> Operating systems aren’t really equipped to work with the user to ensure that a microphone stays a microphone, and doesn’t spontaneously turn into a keyboard that hits Win+R and drops a payload to steal all your data when the room is quiet enough that it can assume you aren’t watching.

In a world of USB-C everything we no longer have power supplies that are physically bound to power delivery, HDMI or DP display connections that have constrained data channels, or analogue mics, headphones, and speakers. Any device can dynamically change what it senses, does, or emits.

SchemaLoadabout 3 hours ago
This is why most of the browsers rejected these specs. They are super useful, but the security risks are incredible. Most USB devices were not designed to hold up to being exposed to the internet.
AshamedCaptainabout 3 hours ago
I kinda remember that the counterargument Google used is that only devices with a special attribute would ever be available through WebHID, ensuring that such older devices would never be exposed.

Cue my surprise when it turns out you can use WebHID to program a Minidisc / Net-MD device [1], so.. they never did implement that filter, apparently. I mean, certainly it is useful, but ... What The F., Google?

[1] https://web.minidisc.wiki/

qlteabout 2 hours ago
The user has to first specifically pick the device from the list and grant the website access. If a user is confused by a permissions prompt and has no idea what is going on, the default path is to reject the permission.
pudgywalshabout 3 hours ago
The key takeaway for me was he bought a $300 microphone and is acting indignant that he has full access to his own hardware via — gasp — a command shell.

Do we live in a bizarro world now where we expect — no, demand — our hardware be locked down?

It's worth mentioning all USB mics are toys anyway. Analog interfaces have gone away — artificially so — now they cram them into the device.

All mics are analog.

simonwabout 1 hour ago
We have a Samsung Frame TV. I told Codex to scan our network to find it and then build a custom tool for updating the image gallery that it uses when it's in "art" mode. It did that, and now I can tell a Codex session controlled from my phone to "use this image" and it shows up on the TV a few moments later.
vunderbaabout 1 hour ago
Nice! I actually built something similar back in early 2023 [1], which used a collection of SDXL models to generate a new random painting every hour upscaled to 4K and then broadcasted to my frame using the Samsung WS API wrapper [2].

[1] - https://mordenstar.com/projects/save-our-screens

[2] - https://github.com/xchwarze/samsung-tv-ws-api

Barbing17 minutes ago
Neat. What’s the lift from here to get a zero-token spend image upload?
NavinFabout 2 hours ago
>I had Claude write a tool to patch out the table entry for camera activity, fix up the integrity hash, and flash it to the camera. A quick test showed that the green LED that normally illuminates while recording no longer turned on. Horrifying!

Oof. Apple claims this is not possible for macbook cameras because the LED can't be controlled from software. Wish more manufacturers would do the same.

kestrel-roboticabout 1 hour ago
> the LED can't be controlled from software

If you look at tear downs apparently it is connected to the webcam so it is energized when the webcam receives power making it nearly impossible to defeat.

You can say a lot about Apple but the engineering is clever at the hardware level.

Barbing5 minutes ago
Also the Hall effect sensor disabling the mic when a MacBook lid is closed, apparently just about impossible to bypass. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hall_effect
sneakabout 1 hour ago
Apple also claims that iMessage is end to end encrypted. Their privacy stance is 99% posturing.
Barbing3 minutes ago
The teardown showed this is the 1% right?

Also I thought you could trust iMessage if, unlike everyone, you disabled iCloud backup (and, unlike everyone, so did the recipient). Perhaps a way for the feds to be able to pin dumb criminals while giving investigative journalists & dissidents a way to stay safer.

Retr0idabout 3 hours ago
Using LLMs for RE and bug hunting is a lot of fun. Today I reported an absolute doozy of a bug to Google's VRP. The vuln was in an HTTP API endpoint I don't have the source for, only RE'd client logic.

The idea behind the bug was mine, it was of the "surely they weren't stupid enough to forget to do xyz" variety. Writing the code to probe for the vulnerability by hand would've taken a few hours of grunt work, including reconstructing protobuf schemas etc. In the past I just wouldn't have bothered, because in my view the odds of success were too low to be worth it. But it was a one-sentence prompt so why the hell not. And it worked!

compiler-develabout 3 hours ago
It's amazing to see LLMs give us software and hardware freedoms that the open source movement has only ever dreamed about.
layer8about 3 hours ago
The flip side is that this might become a thing of the past for future hardware/firmware, if AI hardening becomes standard practice.

There’s no substitute for having open systems that aren’t cryptographically locked down by the manufacturer.

spaqinabout 2 hours ago
We were already there. For most people, we are still there. For most devices (especially popular ones, with enough manufacturing volume) there's just enough hardening, downgrade prevention, encrypted or signed firmware blobs, on top of already rare reverse engineering skills and patience, to make it infeasible for most people to give it a crack. Using an LLM for that also isn't a mainstream idea either (plus you're unlikely to have a Claude subscription if you're not a software developer in the first place).

Open systems are great and all in the idea, but the facts are that for profit companies do the research and produce most of the things.

AshamedCaptainabout 3 hours ago
I think that this is not true -- the achievements mentioned here are hardly ground breaking and mostly build on work that was already done years before LLMs were a thing.

There are things that the "open source movement" dreams about, and one just has to search around... E.g. like codecs, Qualcomm's aptX lossless, adaptative, and other more recent variations.

SchemaLoadabout 2 hours ago
It's not new capabilities, it's new levels of access. Reverse engineering this stuff used to be a very tedious process which required a lot of specialised skill. Which is why most devices haven't been reverse engineered or hacked despite being full of low hanging fruit.
apricot8 minutes ago
Enjoy it while it lasts.
matheusmoreiraabout 2 hours ago
Brings me a lot of joy to see these articles. They've inspired me to reverse engineer my laptop again.
bigyabaiabout 2 hours ago
"only ever" feels like a stretch. Libratbag, QMK, OpenWRT, Nouveau and Asahi all took up the task without much or any AI help. They're not all just dreamers.
kibwenabout 2 hours ago
There's a difference between the people sitting at the table and the mice scurrying around catching the crumbs. Freedom is sitting at the table. The OP, sadly, is catching the crumbs.
SubiculumCode31 minutes ago
I guess there is this dream that AI will help us finally close the Linux driver gap, and maybe even conquer the android phone closed hardware driver conundrum making almost every phone locked down. One can hope.
ks2048about 1 hour ago
I can see the benefit of from-scratch personalized software, but in the spirit of open-source, how about all the world contributes to useful software for everyone else?

Better than each person doing “4.2 hours of Claude churn, 32 prompts” for each device. And of course LLMs can help personalize existing things for your use case.

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throwyawayyyyabout 3 hours ago
I initially thought, but why would you want a "webcam whose activity LED I can switch off while it records"? But then I think I got the point: why would one want a webcam which _could be hacked_ so that its activity LED didn't go on.
drfloyd51about 3 hours ago
I am certain if it can be “tricked” into using it with the LED off, there is certainly a feature being sold to “enterprises” where it happens on purpose.
tuckerpoabout 3 hours ago
Ah, I remember when reversing hardware took weeks / months, an oscilloscope, logic analyzer, Ghidra/IDA, Wireshark, breakout boards, wireless sniffers... back in the olden days of... 2019.
fwipsyabout 3 hours ago
if an AI could do it without an oscilloscope, probably a human could too.
drivers99about 1 hour ago
It's kind of funny, but AI can also use an oscilloscope. My friend vibe coded a software synth on a Raspberry Pi Pico. When he realized his oscilloscope had a network interface, he had Claude figure out how to connect to it over the network and analyze the actual audio output.
SlightlyLeftPadabout 3 hours ago
I had used codex to reverse engineer an electric skateboard to unbrick it. It was a bit more involved because it required soldering wires directly to the UART headers in a very awkward location.

Took about 10 hours and it now works fine. Without codex, this would have taken me significantly more weekends having little experience with skateboard firmware.

darknaviabout 3 hours ago
This is giving me the confidence to RE my cat feeder. The company (Petlibro) has an outage and now my chilled wet feeder that should be a dumb, offline feeder is basically bricked now.

The device reports fine wifi but the backing services are totally busted.

SoftTalkerabout 1 hour ago
Why do you have a cat when you can't be bothered to feed it yourself?
recursiveabout 1 hour ago
You're making some assumptions.

Weird question anyway. Why eat food at all if you can't be bothered to farm it yourself.

prescriptivistabout 2 hours ago
I have one of their dry food ones and no longer need it. Sad story, but it happens.

My cat scarfed and barfed periodically, and I always wanted the Petlibro (the simple one) to slow feed by incrementally turning the auger, just to see if it helped. I might dig it out and try my hand at this.

lifeisstillgoodabout 3 hours ago
I am wondering if there is a list of “things you should learn to do with your LLM” (But not the rubbish ads youtube keeps showing me)

Reverse engineering seems a good one (ev en if his RE nix sandbox looks fairly usable, it seems like a weekend to get this working.

SchemaLoadabout 4 hours ago
I'm hopeful that in the future we can end planned obsolescence from devices that require companion apps which eventually get shut down. Just vibe reverse engineering replacements.
diabllicseagull39 minutes ago
we could have ended planned obsolescence decades ago if we put strong policies in place. I would really like a systemic solution instead of every-man-for-himself vibe coding. I've been following the "stop killing games" movement for that reason. fingers crossed.
nulltraceabout 3 hours ago
A replacement app could just send the vendor-signed image and leave the signature check to the device. Plenty useful once the official app disappears.
arn3nabout 4 hours ago
This a fascinating security write up. I had no idea the models were this capable for reverse engineering.

I heard CISA is getting defunded. I wonder if it'll become a common assumption for Americans that all their devices are just perpetually compromised.

tptacekabout 4 hours ago
I'm not sure CISA ever did anything material about this problem, or was likely to in the future.
micromacrofootabout 3 hours ago
we haven't even seen the peak yet, as the author says

> Network-connected devices seem near universally fucked at this point?

kachhalimbuabout 2 hours ago
Sidenote to the technical discussion. The article read like a Martha Wells murderbot novel to me. Fascinating.
vinay_ysabout 1 hour ago
Why does this feel like arms race where the only real winner is the arms seller?
trebligdivadabout 3 hours ago
The i2c over USB with no auth is just way way too common; I've also seen that on a device.
mrheosuper39 minutes ago
As FW engineer, I am both horrified and intrigued.

The fact that there are so many devices lack even basic security features horrified me. A webcam that activity light can be turned off remotely, that's a big no no for me.

But the use of LLM is also very interesting, we may put LLM in the loop to harden our devices.

Sorry community, but it's our job to make the reverse engineer harder.

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0cf8612b2e1eabout 3 hours ago

  The pixel cleaning warning turns out to have no native way to disable it, and it’ll always show up after 8 hours of runtime.
Come on, does anyone dog food their own products anymore? How could a single person developing the monitor actually believe consumers want to be bothered with this every day? If the hardware is really so terrible this must happen, find some way to incrementally do it silently or off hours. Anything else.
chubotabout 3 hours ago
I have an LG TV with a similar problem. I think it’s supposed to pixel clean when you turn it off, and I do every night.

Yet for some reason I can’t escape these annoying pixel cleaning interruptions. Seems like a bug in the firmware.

0cf8612b2e1eabout 3 hours ago
That feels like it should only require a single person working on the product to experience and demand an immediate fix.
SoftTalkerabout 1 hour ago
You are making a subsistence living in China writing TV firmware on contract to LG. Why do you do anything other than exactly what they ask for?
harry8about 1 hour ago
That feels like every review of LG should mention their quality is garbage to me, impacting their sales dramatically.

Why hasn't that happened?

usernomdeguerreabout 3 hours ago
So is an actionable lesson here to favor devices that aren't USB/wifi connected if they don't have to be? Or perhaps just choose low-tech versions that don't attempt fancy features?
rspeeleabout 2 hours ago
I remember that name from NCSSM! Cool to see you on the front page of HN.
rarismaabout 3 hours ago
The larpcoding epidemic needs to be stopped
compiler-develabout 3 hours ago
Why? Does it bother you to see people using their own devices in the ways that they want?
rgovostesabout 2 hours ago
Technically this is Schlarpcoding.
drfloyd51about 2 hours ago
That’s what they said when ASM was created. It’s what they said when C was created. Java. SQL. Powershell.

Programming has always been about putting more power into the tools.

Sadly, there doesn’t seem to be as much need for hardcore engineers.

wewewedxfgdfabout 4 hours ago
All this ownage will get shut down when manufacturers start whining to politicians and the AI companies will ask how high to jump.
SchemaLoadabout 3 hours ago
The best models for reverse engineering right now are the Chinese ones. You can download them and run them unrestricted right now.
sixtyjabout 3 hours ago
Open hardware being reverse engineered with LLM is cool.

I’d say John Deer will be among first ones requesting a halt.

It was similar with Napster vs recording companies… and then Spotify bulldozed everything with its attitude.

With LLM it could be much faster.

bloafabout 2 hours ago
What's that? A law that all manufacturers need to have had a security review from one of the major AI player's AI models?
soulofmischiefabout 2 hours ago
I have been tinkering with various firmwares of devices around the house lately as well. I have an agent hooked up to various GPIO pinouts and play lab monkey for it. Honestly they are getting better and better at exploratory research and self-supervision for these kinds of tasks and it's fun to watch. I don't often have to interject, though sometimes I do.

I watched an agent identify and find the correct firmware for a device by taking photos of its circuit boards and comparing them to those found online in internal documentation, patents, parts sheets, etc.

It's pretty fun! If you have your HAM license you can do some fun stuff letting an agemt control an SDR, too. Still a lot of fun to be had even in passive mode.

It will be interesting watching what kind of tinkerer/hacker/enthusiast cultures arises from these new paradigms. Wait til people start suping up their vehicles with natural language agents that have access to subsystems. Imagine entire automated labs hooked up to agents.

markzuckerberhhabout 3 hours ago
holy crap how ! i'd love to jailbreak my old quest 2. its such a good device too bad about all the facebook spyware!