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Discussion (65 Comments)Read Original on HackerNews
Then you're down to two issues:
(1) Concealing an encrypted volume jacks suspicion way up; whatever pickle you were going to be in if you just kept an encrypted DMG on your desktop, you're trebly in now.
(2) Your actual security comes down to the strength of the encrypted volume, and this is 20-year-old encryption. He can't use a memory-hard KDF because of his BOM, which, like, fair enough, but that doesn't change the fact that this KDF is probably ~50x faster than standard bcrypt hardness and on realistic human passwords is probably crackable in minutes-to-hours on a dedicated rig.
I winced particularly at the observation that the hardness was set where it is because of how long it takes to open the encrypted volume on this hardware, because whatever scheme is being used to run the KDF now, an attacker won't bother; they'll just copy the bits and attack them on serious hardware.
Point (1) isn't meaningful if your adversaries aren't states. It might make sense to have a hidden encrypted volume for the same reason you'd want an encrypted safe. But point (2) applies to everybody.
This would evade 99% of them.
Most "state-level" adversaries are just high school dropouts working border jobs told to "investigate suspicious things".
I once had a police officer literally raid my room for drugs during a massive party we were throwing in university, for example.
They took everything. They found everything. Everything except for the $1,000 piece of drug paraphernalia I had sitting right out in open view in the middle of the apartment... the Volcano vaporizer.
It didn't look like anything they had seen before so they didn't think anything of it.
Same would be true with this USB drive in 99% of border crossing privacy invasions... plug in USB, ask for password, read it/copy it/whatever... they're not taking it apart and performing open heart surgery on a $5 USB drive at the border.
They might throw it out... or keep it or something... sure... but in general... this is a hell of a lot better than a regular USB drive imho.
But while states realistically can crack most anything it doesn't mean they can crack *every*thing. There are simply too many flash drives crossing the border every day.
But there is a big flaw I see: 8gb. You're carting around an 8gb flash drive these days??
Just to say, I know what you mean.
The state-level threat isn't just about the direct employees' competence. They also have the funding to purchase tools made by people who really know what they are doing. Think of things like Pegasus spyware or Darksword iPhone hacking.
I can believe that a keystone cop wouldn't know the difference between a bong and a flower vase, but border crossing guards will know a USB drive when they see one and pass a copy of it to someone who knows what they are doing.
You will miss your government's incompetence when they start rectifying these failures. I know I do.
They are the tyrants who oppress us with a clean conscience. They never rest and have infinite money. Their occasional episodes of bumbling incompetence is the only respite, but those won't last. Especially now with AI to think for them.
I guess it's human nature to build the Torment Nexus.
I kinda assumed this was a solved problem now, up to the information-theoretic limit. Just create a FAT32 fs (for example), put some boring decoy files on it, and then unmount it. Traverse the FAT to map which blocks are in-use vs not-in-use, and use the not-in-use ones to store your encrypted data in some arbitrary header-free indistinguishable-from-random format. The result should look just like someone had set up a FAT filesystem on top of a securely erased drive.
If anyone ever mounts and subsequently writes to the FAT volume they'll clobber your data - oh well.
The remaining issue is that you need some special software on the host to mount the hidden volume, which itself raises suspicions. This could be solved by bundling it with OSes by default.
I thought of a much simpler approach though. Personally, it's completely normal for my USB drives to contain some OS installer dd'd to the first few GB, and to be wiped with urandom between uses. The installer .iso is typically immutable and will never expand beyond its initial size. Rather than mess around with block mappings, I can just use last n GB as a hidden storage volume. dm-crypt "plain" mode is headerless and can be configured to start from some offset within the underlying block device.
The only giveaway here might be forensic examination of the drive's internal wear-leveling data.
Apple and Microsoft? I trust apple a bit more and MS none at all.
Linux is a bit different because the kernel is the OS, but only a small part of all its different packages. Also you'll have to watch it like a hawk because nation states will constantly try to compromise it.
Basically evading a state-level actor is going to be hard. People do get lucky but to evade them in a straight-up contest you need to very clever (if it's possible at all). Given that, I just dunno how useful it is to emblazen warnings on AES-based encryption schemes that it won't fool the NSA. Either the person reading it is not technically equipped to evaluate the claims and may be scared off of a solution that protects against some adversaries while searching for an impossible zero-config state-proof solution. Or the person already knew as soon as they saw 'AES' that this isn't the project they need.
I don't mean to denigrate the inclination to highlight weaknesses like this - good communication around this is genuinely challenging.
I think this post is a fun technical case study on its own. It only takes on urgency because it literally markets itself as a tool to slip past state adversaries. I think it's important that people understand that it isn't the state itself that's going to take the time to detect something like this; it's some commercial forensics vendor they use automatically.
Like if they have good tools for profiling you from your posts they'll totally expect the OP to have some interesting hardware and stories to tell. Contrast that to just being some boring guy who has a cover story that happens to be true or the colorful character who doesn't really have anything to hide but who can keep spooks talking for hours.
How would those scanners work? If the device presents itself as a bog-standard usb drive, with all the same identification strings, etc., and the hidden volume is completely inaccessible until triggered (e.g. like swapping on sd card for another), it seems like such a scanner would have to rely on things like precise timing and performance characteristics vs what the drive presents as, and there are a lot of legitimate USB drives out there to characterize.
Edit: and if that's the case, maybe pick a lower-performance drive to mimic (and use its case). Then have some kind of characterization step to add custom delays to match its timing and performance characteristics.
> (2) Your actual security comes down to the strength of the encrypted volume, and this is 20-year-old encryption. He can't use a memory-hard KDF because of his BOM, which, like, fair enough, but that doesn't change the fact that this KDF is probably ~50x faster than standard bcrypt hardness and on realistic human passwords is probably crackable in minutes-to-hours on a dedicated rig.
I agree. What's the point of doing on-device encryption? Seems like this device should only do the volume-swapping bit. Once it "it unmounts [the unhidden section] and remounts the second hidden section, you should have to decrypt that hidden section with soemthing like VeraCrypt.
Now you can claim that any encrypted drive (which just looks like pure noise if done correctly) is a drive that was just formatted.
And it actually _does_ make sense for formatting utilities to offer it, as this is a good way to ensure that data is really gone after formatting (writing all 0s or all 1s could leave information at the physical layer; and any intermediate layer could not compress random data much so the data must be overwritten).
No, there isn't.
https://github.com/dishather/steganodisk
Then use the rest of the drive (~1Gb) for a hidden TrueCrypt volume with a secure key.
Time to bust out the old "Can't tell if this MP3 is a steganographically important encrypted file or just a Nurse With Wound EP" trick then.
> As for the security of the device, I’ve verified things with functional tests like this
Otherwise great project!
> ...
>Due to AI demand the cost of eMMC memory is unusually high, so I chose to go with an SD card for memory. Someone will find your SD card if they tear it apart, but of course everything is encrypted.
So which one is it? It sounds like this is trading off between "having veracrypt installed on your computer" vs "having a custom usb drive". In other words, hiding something in software vs hardware. I'm not really convinced hardware is better. The hardware device is going to get discovered if the x-ray it, not least because of the super suspicious embedded sd card reader. Even if we concede that hiding in hardware is better, surely you can just use whatever trick to hide the software (eg. putting in a secret password mounts a second drive with veracrypt)? That way you don't run into the crypto issues that the parent poster mentioned.
If you rented 8 MI300X's or the nvidia equivalent, I don't even think an unreasonably long password would matter.
It should finish quickly enough that you would be upset with all of the money you have now wasted by having to commit to a month of utilization
With XTS, the attacker is forced to completely garble a whole block at a time.
You should be using a TPM so such an attack is impossible. The TPM should be what is rate limiting the guesses. You don't need a KDF here.
If you can do without Windows, I would say formatting a USB with a first partition as an 8 gig DOS partition and a 2nd partition as Linux LUKS may work just a good.
But a few people may know about Linux. So if on OpenBSD, you can create a second OpenBSD encrypted partition. I think that will probably look like garbage to 99.999% of the people you may be hiding from.
Be aware, if dealing with a sophisticated Gov agency, all bets are off.