AI Has a Discovery Problem

  That’s the gap between a skilled AI user and everyone else. Take a non-technical marketing person and someone fluent in agents and tool use. The agent-fluent person can watch the marketer work for an hour and immediately see a dozen things to automate, delegate, or reinvent, including things the marketer hasn’t even tried yet. But put the most intelligent tool in the world in front of the marketer, and they’re staring at a blank prompt, unsure what to type. All that intelligence, and no way to see it.

The author perfectly describes non-technical people who are AI skeptics. Most of them hang out at r/BetterOffline.

Another side of this, which I can think of, is that even a skilled person feels they are not skilled enough. I might be able to see the sky right now, but what if I am not the man standing outside and I am that ant for whom the sky is like this?

This is very true, but I don't think this is an AI-only problem. It is fundamentally a human problem.

There are so many things happening around us, and one of the biggest things that separates people is knowledge. A non-technical person who puts in the effort to learn technology becomes a technical person. The only way to become good at something is to actually do it and practice.

Someone who still doesn't know what AI is also doesn't know what is possible in the world today. My mom is a good example. She comes up with a lot of ideas and tells me about them on calls. Recently I told her, "Just tell ChatGPT. It can probably build a lot of what you need." But even that sentence isn't enough for her to understand what I mean, because she doesn't yet have a mental model of what AI can actually do. She simply isn't aware of its capabilities.

I'm going home in a few days and will be staying with her for a couple of weeks. I'm actually going to try an experiment: teach her some of these tools and see what happens. Can someone with essentially no technical background learn to use AI effectively and actually build something meaningful within a few weeks?

She already has a good job and doesn't really need to become technical, so there is no practical necessity for her to do this. But I think it would be a fascinating experiment.

Subtle Lena[1] reference, maybe?

[1] https://qntm.org/mmacevedo

I was trying to teach a co-worker some agentic stuff today, and this is totally true. Especially if they are using gimpy tools like Github Copilot.

The harness matters. None of my super-powered CLI + skills stuff worked like how it does in a more powerful harness like Codex or Claude Code.

Try telling someone to imagine it could do something amazing, if they switch to a completely different tool.

Does it really? Or is it that they're all pretty much good enough and so you just go with what's cheapest or what you're used to?

For example, in IntelliJ I can switch between maybe a dozen models with a drop-down but the only time I do it is when whatever model I'm currently using has an outage.

Another example, our product has some ai features (not coding related). I use spring-ai and so I can change models just in the config file. But I stick with deepseek because it's more than good enough and is super cheap.

The biggest problem with “AI” is that big corps are shoving it down our throats. AI has existed since nearly invention of computing, notorious example are video games, but no one marketed them with AI, why? because that was not the point, and besides, today’s AI is overloaded term, they are represented as if they are capable of starting new war, but in reality they are repeating the same stuff over and over again they “learned” from Reddit posts, books, codebases etc. in an indeterministic way.

In most cases you don’t even need them. In some cases they give quite inaccurate answer with high confidence.

that's super true, it;s very hard for non-tech people to use ai at its peak power

If I know the code behind the button, I don't have to press it to know what it will do.

If I know how LLM work, and what it is trained on, I don't have to "explore" it to understand what it can do for me. The only variable is how deeply one knows how "LLMs" work, and that makes up all the on going arguments by lay people...