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#agent#files#codex#file#access#should#tool#need#run#don

Discussion (83 Comments)Read Original on HackerNews

TheDong•about 4 hours ago
You can do this now: change the file permissions such that the user you run codex as can't read them, or run codex in a container without those files mounted.

If you don't do that, the agent will be able to incidentally upload them. What if the model runs "rg foo", and one of those files contains the string "foo"? It uploads the tool output, which includes the file contents.

And so, the only solution is to make it so the codex process is unable to access those files, hence using a container, or unix permissions, or deleting the files. Which you can already do.

I imagine this isn't resolved primarily because people expect it to apply to bash tool use, not just the "read" and "edit" tools, and people also expect those files to still be accessible i.e. if the agent invokes "make", which makes it impossible to solve perfectly.

cowsandmilk•about 4 hours ago
100% this. The idea that Codex should enforce this is putting the security boundary at the wrong layer. If you don’t want codes to access something, make it so it doesn’t have access.
embedding-shape•about 3 hours ago
The Codex bug tracker is a great insight into how wide the knowledge gap seem to be between users. The issue where people ask them to add back /undo or whatever it is instead of just learning to use git, probably reached 100 comments at least by now. People seemingly don't really understand the computers they use on a daily basis, and refuse to learn too.
atomicnumber3•about 1 hour ago
We managed to generate probably-correct code, which can then be probably-corrected recursively to get to something that runs (usually).

This made everyone scream and lose their minds saying that code is finished, people think they don't need a technical cofounder anymore, think they don't need engineers anymore, etc. Then they're, at varying speeds, finding out they're wrong.

It seems oddly circular to me that the _exact hubris_ non-engineers have long accused engineers of - and we have indeed been too often guilty of - they themselves turn out to be JUST as guilty of! Just like engineers thought all sales did was bother people, and all marketing did was send emails, and all support did was tell people to turn it off and on again, and all product did was copy google... they all apparently thought all engineers did was tik-tak-click-clack type code all day and when it compiled it was done. Not knowing how much higher-order... well, engineering, there is to it.

Where are all the CTOs during all of this? I thought someone was supposed to be sticking up for their org? Sales, marketing, etc all seem to have entrenched C-suite people keeping their fiefdoms resistant to erosion by outsourcing, downsizing, etc. But all our CTOs seems to have collectively thrown us to the wolves.

tern•about 2 hours ago
I suspect most people don't even know there's a there there.

For instance, while I now know that file systems have permissions, before I became a programmer, I spent maybe ten years thinking of permissions as a special, obscure system thing that you should never touch.

For that matter, I suspect many people don't know basic things like that a file system isn't inherently the operating system.

And, where would you go to learn this information? Your Mac doesn't ship with a manual—how would you know one exists? Furthermore, I would wager that perhaps most people have never learned how anything works requiring a manual and are simply unaware that that's a thing.

All to say, I'm not sure "refusal" is the right term.

fragmede•42 minutes ago
The knowledge gap is very real. Because unsavvy users are just going to paste the API key into codex and say "make it work". For the truly lazy/uninformed, codex has computer use, and are going to tell it go into Vercel/Netlify/Stripe/Cloudflare for them, and get the API key, and save it to .env for them. So users knowing they need such a feature in the first place should be celebrated when the alternative is even dumber.
LtWorf•about 1 hour ago
That's the product that is being sold here… why shame the users for expecting what was marketed to them?
MattDamonSpace•about 3 hours ago
Not sure I agree?

It’s not like gitignore should be independent from git

TheDong•about 3 hours ago
The difference is that git is a traditional programming tool which executes deterministically.

agents are not deterministic tools, they're not sandboxes or container runtimes or languages with capabilities models.

They're a way to run arbitrary commands.

It would be like saying that "xterm" should have a ".xtermnoexec" list of commands you can't run, or that VLC should have an option for actors it won't show.

terminals run shells which run commands, it's not really deeply aware of what commands your shell ultimately run, and it's not in xterm's job to setup a sandbox and strip out executables.

VLC displays pixels, it's not up to it to figure out if those pixels are a certain actor.

codex pipes text and tool calls back and forth between OpenAI's servers, and it barely understands what that text and those tool calls are, and especially if a given tool touched a file. If you want VLC to not display an actor, you need to add a layer on top of VLC to stop it displaying a list of movies. If you want codex to not display a file's contents, you need a layer on top of codex to prevent it going near that file.

jxf•about 3 hours ago
.gitignore doesn't have the same security implications.

If you fail to prevent a private key from being added to your repository, you can reverse this and purge it from the blobs and reflog as if it never happened.

If you fail to prevent OpenAI from ingesting a private key, you have created a security incident.

londons_explore•about 3 hours ago
I could imagine perhaps some system which rather than denying access might instead replace the key material from your .env key with "** redacted. This key material can be used via make, but can never be exfoltrated directly **" whenever that key is seen heading out towards the network...
brookst•about 3 hours ago
But that means the process can’t use the key for network requests, right?
mcintyre1994•about 3 hours ago
OnePassword can do something like this where you put references to a path there instead of the key material, and then you wrap the invoke command with their CLI and it replaces them. So your local env file never has anything sensitive. A malicious agent could still exfiltrate if you give it access to debug tools on the running code though.
jgalt212•about 3 hours ago
I'm a fan of belt and suspenders.
lelandfe•about 4 hours ago
Just be aware that AI agents will explore alternate means of accessing said files: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=48348578
martylamb•about 3 hours ago
Yes. I found this quickly after wrapping codex in a launcher that uses bubblewrap to exclude certain files and directories based on a config file at the project root. My best solution so far is to also include instructions for the agent that explain that it is not allowed to see certain files, and that their inaccessibility is not an error, and that it must not attempt to access them through other means (e.g. via git history, etc.).

This has been a major improvement, but it's not foolproof.

cowsandmilk•about 4 hours ago
If you’re already running codex as a different user to limit its file permissions, why would you add it to the docker group?
lelandfe•about 4 hours ago
A good but altogether separate note from the point I’m making: this lack of access is seen as an obstacle to overcome, and other means of access will be tried if available.

It’s a different mental model than a first party solution to “ignore” files.

jen20•about 3 hours ago
Lack of knowledge and the desire to have it run containers for things.
amelius•about 3 hours ago
Yes. Any sane IT department would not allow external AI services, only local ones. It is just too easy for your company's data to end up on the wrong servers. If not through faulty file permissions, then through employees who simply post company ideas.
brookst•about 3 hours ago
Or just have a corporate contract that provides assurances.

Though really I’m skeptical that much corporate info is secret for competitive or privacy reasons.

Mostly it seems to be for liability / discovery reasons. Which are still legit of course, but ideas are a dime a dozen and every company has more than they know what to do with. It’s the resourcing and execution that are hard.

SoftTalker•about 2 hours ago
Yet many use public github, and human developers accidently push secrets and other "not for public" files all the time.
jrvarela56•about 3 hours ago
Sandboxing is a solved problem, there are dozens of providers of firecracker instances to run your agent in.

The problem to be solved is how do you define task-specific least privilege versions of your coding agent.

nicce•about 4 hours ago
> I imagine this isn't resolved primarily because people expect it to apply to bash tool use, not just the "read" and "edit" tools, and people also expect those files to still be accessible i.e. if the agent invokes "make", which makes it impossible to solve perfectly.

Also, why would they add a feature to prevent data collection, if the data makes the company even more valuable and you might even get good deals from the current government if you provide the access for this data?

kstenerud•about 3 hours ago
If you're not sandboxing your agent, everything on your computer is waiting to be exposed.

Assuming that file permissions will save you is naively dangerous.

nativeit•about 2 hours ago
It seems insane to me that so many people are OK with this. Why is it necessary for an agent to upload every bit of data it sees to OpenAI at all? Particularly if my agents can’t remember anything beyond a single session, why should the data exist permanently anywhere but in its original location?
jstanley•about 2 hours ago
> Why is it necessary for an agent to upload every bit of data it sees to OpenAI at all?

The LLM is running at OpenAI. The agent doesn't see anything that doesn't get sent to OpenAI.

It's like running a compiler in the cloud and asking why you need to send your source code to it when you only want the binary to be on your local PC. It's because that's where the processing is going on and it can't process what it can't see.

> why should the data exist permanently anywhere but in its original location?

Sure, they don't necessarily have to retain it permanently.

FergusArgyll•about 4 hours ago
Yes, this was solved decades ago. How do you stop a human from reading one of your files?

  chmod 600
re-thc•about 3 hours ago
> How do you stop a human from reading one of your files?

Call the police!

nikhilsimha•about 2 hours ago
Files that codex and any other coding agent has access to, should be opt-in NOT opt-out. I think codex is not the right layer to solve this if you want a sane(one-click) UX. We built our own internal sandboxing-terminal around claude and codex. Where a user-configured base-folder with low-risk code and creds is COPIED into the sandbox BEFORE new session creation. There were many other UX related reasons to build our own terminal. Can share more if anyone is interested.
schipperai•38 minutes ago
Do I understand correctly that you scope least-privilege creds/tokens and pass those to the sandbox? I'd be curious to learn more
skybrian•22 minutes ago
To avoid the risk of exfiltration, we need to stop using .env for security. API keys needed when working in a repo should be handled by a proxy like ssh-agent, and we need something better than bearer auth.
kennethops•38 minutes ago
These tools are data collection mechanisms to help train these better models. I'm working with some folks to figure out a way to put a layer between the harness and the models to have better control of what data gets sent to and from the model itself and the harness.
petcat•about 4 hours ago
Hopefully they never actually implement this pointless feature because it will only give people a false sense of security given the unpredictable nature of LLMs. How could something like this even be enforced?

People just need to learn how to use the tools their system already provides them. i.e., chmod

wodenokoto•about 4 hours ago
The whole point of using an agent is that I don't want to learn everything. I fully expected the harness to read the .agentignore file and do what is needed to hide it from the LLM.

But apparently, even if implemented, that's not how it works!

KHRZ•about 4 hours ago
How would it prevent an agent from writing a script that discovers the secret file? It's not magic.
tomrod•about 3 hours ago
It can't. As others pointed out, its the wrong layer to implement the security feature. The agent needs to operate in an isolated user / container.
agentdev001•about 4 hours ago
Sounds like user error to me. Codex gives an llm a tool to allow it to use shell in the context of the host and user in which it is running. If a resource is sensitive, and accessible in that context, then the user is doing something wrong. Would you change your practices if you treated your coding agent as an untrusted human ssh'd under the identity you use for it?

In any case. There are solutions in the comments on the issue, as well as this hn thread.

mbid•about 3 hours ago
I recently got the tool I use to orchestrate agents in (remote/secure) devcontainers open-sourced at work to solve this properly: https://github.com/nvidia/rumpelpod

As others here have pointed out, it's exceedingly unlikely that a blocklist like proposed in the issue would ever be complete. You shouldn't allow agents direct yolo-access to your machine if it has sensitive data.

Codex works particularly well as a remote agent harness because of its client-server architecture: The server component runs in the container, which might be remote, while the client runs locally. So, in contrast to e.g. the claude cli where the frontend also runs remotely, there's no lag when you write/edit prompts.

noveltyaccount•about 2 hours ago
I agree a block list won't work. And unix file permissions may not be enough; I once saw Codex 5.4 use docker to execute a command as root since it couldn't run sudo. Running in a container may be the only solution:

> sudo needs an interactive password here, so I'll use Docker itself to prepare the bind-mount directory as root and hand ownership back to UID/GID 1000. That keeps the compose file's non-root runtime intact.

> Ran `docker run --rm -v /shares:/shares alpine:3.20 sh -c 'mkdir -p /shares/local-llm/models && chown 1000:1000 /shar...`

jofzar•about 3 hours ago
Neat tool! Will have to check it out

Edit: would love a couple of pictures/video of how you use it. I kind of get the idea, but it seems like more hassle then it would be worth?

Your comment of codex makes it seem like I might be missing something tho.

mbid•about 3 hours ago
Yeah I should add a video to the README.

Have you tried running `rumpel codex foo123` in one of your repositories, asking it to commit something, then `rumpel merge foo123` to get the changes back to your local checkout? Use a different terminal for the merge command, or detach from the codex session with `ctrl-a d`. You can also look at the commit first with `rumpel review foo123`, or get a shell inside the agent environment via `rumpel enter foo123`.

planb•about 4 hours ago
Sound like snake oil. How would this work? The app that the agent is developing needs access to the file, so access to it cannot be blocked. Just because read_file can not access it (I think current harnesses prevent reading .env files already), does not mean the contents will never be seen by the model.
kstenerud•about 4 hours ago
.agentsignore is NOT a security tool.

It's a good idea as a hint to agents about what files it should ignore (because they'd be of no value and only chew up tokens).

However, using it to prevent exposure of secrets would be a BIG mistake. There's simply no way to guarantee that an agent will ignore things in the ignore file. And even a harness-enforced restriction would still be in-process, which a rogue agent could trivially compromise. For security, use a sandbox. Nothing else will do.

I do AI sandboxes (FOSS, free forever, no rug pull): https://github.com/kstenerud/yoloai

bob1029•about 3 hours ago
The only thing close to a guarantee is to give the agent exclusive access to a clean VM with precisely the information and permissions you want it to have.

I've been looking into a "workspace" concept that involves an entire cloud VM being spun up as part of an agent conversation such that code changes can be iterated without touching the user's local machine or other trusted contexts. All the agent's tools only have effect when supplied with a specific workspace guid. CLI tools like git are not authorized to talk to the remotes in this arrangement. The machine is initialized with a clone and no way to talk to origin. There are dedicated methods in the harness that can reach into the VM and pull out a change set for deterministic PR generation in the secure contexts (e.g. when the agent calls "ReadyForReview" or similar).

mixedbit•about 3 hours ago
I work on a Linux sandbox that makes it easy to hide sensitive files from AI agents while keeping the files they need accessible. Check it out: https://github.com/wrr/drop
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SubiculumCode•about 1 hour ago
So how might I restrict the read paths if I am running codex as a plugin in vscode?
ZiiS•about 4 hours ago
However clever/stupid you believe LLMs are they are extremely capable of working around these sorts of restrictions. The ask is for .env files for whatever code you are writing so if the code it writes dosn't have access (i.e. filesystem/container) what is the point, if the code under development reads the env how dose codex debug it without accedentally reading the values from memory? Adding a security setting that dosn't work is much worse then not having one.
kardos•about 2 hours ago
A solution to this is apptainer: you configure it to not see any of the host files by default, and mount the repo you want to work on at runtime.
pohl•about 4 hours ago
This should be an open standard like AGENTS.md or skills. What do other harnesses do?
ampersandwhich•about 4 hours ago
I believe JetBrains products like Junie use the neutral term .aiignore for this funtionality.
hoppp•about 3 hours ago
Do not store secrets in the repository in files, but inject them during runtime. Then the agents have no way to access them.
tiew9Vii•about 3 hours ago
A lot of people have secrets/config files in the projects working directory but ignored by git i.e. `.env.local`

So they're following best practice, not committing secrets but agents running locally can still see them even if sandboxing to the working directory.

I've taken to storing configs using XDG_CONFIG_HOME and have the app auto resolve them by convention or take a cli arg to specify the config path. All secrets are in files, not env vars.

That way when using sandboxing the agent can never see the configs or secrets as outside the working directory.

hoppp•about 3 hours ago
Sounds like a good way to do it.

Makes me think of docker secret where the secrets are exposed as files and accessable only from inside the container.

If the development environment uses docker then thats a solution too I guess

SoftTalker•about 2 hours ago
If you let your agent use docker you've basically given it root on your machine.
TZubiri•about 1 hour ago
Out of scope, learn cybersecurity. A simple concept such as users and permissions solves this problem.

Regardless of what technique you use, you need a deputy, you wouldn't ask an employee not to go into the vault, right? You would lock the vault. Well you can ask the employee not to go into the vault, and you can also ask codex not to use certain files, but if you need more certainty, you need to it outside.

The issue seems to be that people want to ask their agent to do everything, they want the agent to lock themselves out of some system, they want the agent to install itself, they want the agent to write their prompts so they don't have to write them. At some point there's some things YOU have to do, and you have to DO them.

Lucasoato•about 3 hours ago
There should be a standard around .agentignore file similarly to what happens with .gitignore file. Of course this could still be workarounded by agent bash command tools, but at least basic operations like reading and so on should be checked and prevented.
edg5000•about 3 hours ago
Bind mounts can work fine. Setting them up does require root though. Easiest would be if the harness offered to enable containment. Awkwardly, it would require root.
ptspts•about 2 hours ago
In fact, it's possible to set up bind mounts without root on a modern Linux system, using a user namespace and a mount namespace.
apitman•about 2 hours ago
podman is my favorite tool for this.
eduction•about 1 hour ago
Great example of why operating systems should be stealing more ideas from Qubes, the OS where everything runs in a vm.

Qubes is not practical for mobile laptop use and non expert users.

BUT it would be very practical for other OSes to offer the option of VM-style isolated containers as first class objects that are easy to make and configure boundaries on, and for which first class interop facilities are provided (eg “send this file to this container” “send the clipboard to this container’s clipboard).

cowpig•about 4 hours ago
I don't think we should ask the agent runtime to police itself.

I contributed to a tool for this problem that is lower-friction than traditional sandboxing:

greywall.io

But you should use something to contain an agent runtime. The idea that people run things like codex on their machines with regular user permissions is baffling to me.

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pikseladam•about 5 hours ago
it has been a year and still it is not resolved
pamcake•about 4 hours ago
It's not their problem to solve. Don't give it access to sensitive files on the first place.