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#cholesterol#high#ldl#https#should#healthy#medication#same#statins#eat

Discussion (49 Comments)Read Original on HackerNews

marcosfelt•about 8 hours ago
There's a nice writeup by Derek Lowe on the synthesis of this molecule: https://www.science.org/content/blog-post/futuristic-synthes...

It's quite a beast!

liamwire•about 8 hours ago
It's articles such as this that truly make me sit back and marvel at our species. What an incredible accomplishment.
hankbond•about 8 hours ago
What is the current state of understanding on high cholesterol as a leading or trailing indicator of poor health? I vaguely remember reading one theory that cholesterol was used by the body to mitigate arterial damage from other causes?
Eddy_Viscosity2•8 minutes ago
We've been testing for cholesterol for a long time now and have had other meds to lower it. It should be possible to see if lowering cholesterol via medication results in improved life expectancy or reducing cardiac events. I would think this study has been done a few times already. As someone who does not have much medical knowledge, I'm not even sure how to look this up or be able to assess what I see if I did.
cthalupa•about 7 hours ago
It (Particularly ApoB/Combining LDL-C and Lp(a) is one of the single largest leading indicators of health risk we have.

If anything, the data we have is suggesting we've gotten wrong what the upper limits should be for what is considered OK.

https://www.lipidjournal.com/article/S1933-2874(25)00317-4/f...

shlant•about 8 hours ago
the literature is very clear about the relationship between high LDL and Atherosclerosis. Are you referring to poor health in general, separate from Cardiovascular Disease?
_kidlike•about 8 hours ago
cholesterol is one of the most crucial molecules for survival. It's used to create and maintain cell membranes, and other critical functions. The vast majority is created by the liver, and there are a lot of regulating signals for how much, which is where usually things go off. Low cholesterol production is an extremely serious condition. The "only" problem with high cholesterol is that it builds up inside artery walls, which eventually may or may not dislodge and may or may not cause a heart attack or an embolic stroke. (I'm not a doctor. I just get medication for high cholesterol and have done some research)
cthalupa•about 7 hours ago
> Low cholesterol production is an extremely serious condition.

This is correct, but not in the way you mean it. We know people can effectively produce no LDL cholesterol in their liver and have positive health impacts - these MR studies are a big part of what drove this entire class of cholesterol medications. And the monoclonal antibody versions of PCSK9 inhibitors have shown basically the same results.

Virtually all human cells can produce cholesterol locally de novo, including your brain.

_kidlike•about 6 hours ago
o_O
eternauta3k•about 7 hours ago
Peter Attia had a great series of blog posts on this before his fall from grace:

https://peterattiamd.com/the-straight-dope-on-cholesterol-pa...

He also had a series of podcast interviews about this with Tom Dayspring.

I believe his explanations are all mainstream, except he favors treating LDL and LP(a) more aggressively than normal doctors

stavros•about 6 hours ago
Wait, why did he fall from grace?
messel•about 5 hours ago
I didn't know either, not sure of veracity but https://share.gemini.google/0YDt55yyfITs
dev_l1x_be•about 7 hours ago
You should check which part of your body has the most cholesterol.
shermantanktop•about 6 hours ago
How would I check the parts of my body for that?
amanaplanacanal•about 3 hours ago
I think they meant ask Google. It's the brain.
barnacs•about 7 hours ago
It turns out LDL has different subfractions based on size. Normally, the liver produces large ones which shuttle fat around the bloodstream, lose their payload and shrink then the liver reabsorbs them and the cycle continues.

The problem appears to begin when these LDL molecules hang around for too long. They are damaged by external factors in the bloodstream (eg. glycation due to high blood glucose, oxidation due to fragile polyunsaturated fats) and not recognized anymore for recycling. That's when they can start forming macrophages.

tl;dr LDL by itself is an incorrect measure of cardiovascular risk. Big pharma still profits by selling everyone LDL reducing drugs.

one authentic source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fVLZA0qp-wc

grep_name•about 6 hours ago
I have heard this too, and that cholesterol measurements are flawed because they don't account for particle size. That you can actually have better 'numbers' but worse results, if you reduce particulate size but also overall volume. It's frustrating that the science behind cholesterol is constantly in wild flux, but at any discrete moment you're expected to accept whatever the momentary consensus is.

Interestingly, my dentist, who also has a bit of a fixation on cholesterol on a personal level and is educated on the matter, has said that a heart calcium scan is the best way to determine what someone's target cholesterol number should actually be, and that it should not be the same from person to person.

This was after I voiced my frustration to him at having made lifestyle changes to get my cholesterol down in order to avoid getting put on statins (not wanting yet another daily drug if I can avoid it), getting the my number below the target of 110, only to shortly after that find out that they'd lowered it to 70. I talked to my endocrinologist about it, and she basically said "yeah, those numbers are more-or-less unachievable. But we want to be extra careful for type 1 diabetics, so we hold them to a higher standard. Either way, everyone gets put on statins at some point anyway, so who cares?"

I'm absolutely allergic to "everyone goes on x medication, so stop whining and go on x medication" as a medical argument, and will probably just deal with being labelled non-compliant over this one unless my cholesterol reaches a level I actually personally find to be too high at this point. Which sucks to have to do, but hey, it's my body after all, and so far doctors have failed to make a convincing case for me personally here.

Scoundreller•about 4 hours ago
You might be missing out on any benefits from statins that are independent of the cholesterol reduction. It’s non-zero and debatably substantial.
BiteCode_dev•about 6 hours ago
All the answers are smart sounding and completely avoid to address your main point. Same with most doctors I asked it to.
JumpCrisscross•about 9 hours ago
“Proprotein convertases (PPCs) are a family of proteins that activate other proteins. Many proteins are inactive when they are first synthesized, because they contain chains of amino acids that block their activity. Proprotein convertases remove those chains and activate the protein” [1].

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proprotein_convertase

derektank•about 9 hours ago
Not really a new kind of pharmaceutical, pcsk9 inhibitors have been on the market for a while now. What’s new is that it’s an oral medication rather than an injectable
eternauta3k•about 8 hours ago
But I vaguely remember them being expensive due to not being covered by insurance. Maybe this will change that?
sneak•about 4 hours ago
It works via the same mechanism as an incredible drug called Repatha (generic name evolocumab), but Repatha is quite expensive, requires refrigeration, and must be injected subcutaneously every two weeks. The news here is that this is administered orally.
JoshGlazebrook•about 9 hours ago
Next up is the lp(a) lowering drugs still in trials.
nwah1•about 8 hours ago
Yes, exciting stuff.

Not to mention the gene-therapy version of the same PCSK9 inhibition pathway called VERVE-102 which Eli Lilly is putting through human trials as we speak.

I imagine that stacking the LP(a) antisense therapy with a PCSK9 inhibitor, and/or a statin or Nexlizet would probably lower odds of heart disease death by two to three orders of magnitude. But I guess there isn't solid mortality data to say for sure.

brador•about 7 hours ago
Oat cookies. I get them imported from Europe. High calorie but works.
Scoundreller•about 4 hours ago
I just mix rolled oats into my yoghurt. Much cheaper.
sebmellen•about 7 hours ago
What brand?
mediumsmart•about 8 hours ago
One could eat healthy instead of course but hey, the good life.
mediumsmart•5 minutes ago
eat healthy as in: only once a day and only six days a week. only water for drinking and only fresh stuff to eat, no meat, no eggs, nothing cooked, nothing baked, nothing fried, nothing grilled, nothing processed, no sugar and no salt.

Being a major shift from the good life one should start it with a 7 day water fast. (do I have to say "ask your doctor before embarking"? done)

deanc•about 7 hours ago
Many people have high cholesterol due to genetics. In these cases even if you ate a 100% perfect diet it would only impact 25% of your cholesterol levels - which any physician would not be satisfied with.
h2aichat•about 6 hours ago
That's the good news! It fixes that genetic problem (PCSK9 Inhibitor)
nozzlegear•about 7 hours ago
You wouldn't tell someone with diabetes or asthma to just live healthier and avoid their medication. There's nothing wrong with taking a pill, we're not cavemen living off the land.
shlant•about 8 hours ago
you didn't read the article did you? Or are you actually here to claim that people with hypercholesterolemia just need to eat better?

Do you have the same simplistic ideas about GLP-1's?

moi2388•about 8 hours ago
For all people? No. For the vast majority of people? Yes. Eat healthy and exercise more.
pinkmuffinere•about 7 hours ago
The dietary impact on cholesterol in the blood is surprisingly low. Looking it up, this source says diet can affect 20-30% of your blood levels [1]. I don’t have a great statistic about exercise, but I’d encourage you to question what you think you know — at the very least I’ll claim you’re mistaken about the importance of dietary impacts on cholesterol, which perhaps should give you pause about your other beliefs

[1] https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/16867-cholest...

weregiraffe•about 7 hours ago
You will still die you know, no matter your diet. And no god will reward your righteous corpse for eating healthy.
hmontazeri•about 8 hours ago
Just do fasting and lose weight. Had high cholesterol and did that lost 20 pounds and my cholesterol went back to normal without any medical intervention
Kirby64•about 8 hours ago
I’m glad that worked for you. That doesn’t work for everyone, and there’s plenty of people with completely healthy weights who eat healthy as well who just have outrageous cholesterol. Any medical interventions that fix genetic conditions seem like a win for me. Even fixing lifestyle issues medically (eg GLP-1s) seem like a win for me.
ivankra•about 8 hours ago
This is more about lp(a) type of cholesterol which is largely driven by genetics, and barely responds to lifestyle/diet.

lp(a) is not part of routine blood tests - you probably didn't measure it unless you specifically asked for it.

lurker_72•about 6 hours ago
I have familial hypercholesterolemia and none of that makes any difference. In fact 2 of my siblings and both my daughters have it too. My youngest sister had a stroke at 24 because of it.

Diet, statins, etc can't get us in healthy ranges and PCKS9 inhibitors is literally the only thing that moves the needle. I'm on Repatha, one of the injectable inhibitors, statins and Ezetimibe to manage it.

Needless to say I am super happy about this news, especially if it is affordable.

Really hopeful that Verve 102 passes trials and becomes generally available.

mikestew•about 7 hours ago
8% body fat, and I can run more in a day than most people do in a week. I’m taking statins. It’s not always as simple as you seem to assume. As others have said, genetics play role, for one.
dev_l1x_be•about 7 hours ago
Are you seriously suggesting to cut into pharma profits?